Power of Power Essay - 1170 Words

Among the most complex systems is a simple yet overwhelming desire for an establishment of power, if one(it?) does not already exist. Power can be greedy, selfish, aggressive, but also a necessity for order and peace. It is always controlling. It has existed since the beginning of time and will continue to play a vital role in the lives of all, forever. In literature, power can be depicted in a variety of ways, affecting different numbers of people and things. Margaret Atwood’s â€Å"Helen of Troy Does Countertop Dancing†, Toni Cade Bambara’s â€Å"The Lesson†, Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House†, and Alice Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† each uniquely examine the influence of power in their characters’ lives. The roots from which power takes place, the depths†¦show more content†¦Torvald treats his wife irrationally, as he places himself above her. He calls her names that make her seem small, such as  "helpless little creature† (Isben 589) and â€Å"child.† (590). Nora is submissive to his dominant commands, and obeys him, possibly because she is fearful of losing him or her life. Krogstad, though, has the upper hand due to the financial loan and debt that Nora has withheld from her husband. Krogstad blackmails Nora with a letter that he threatens to give her husband if she does not fix his problems with Torvald. Nora feels obligated to both men, for the welfare of herself and her family to do as they say. Of course, with an excessive amount of power comes conflict. The extent to which power drives one to their breaking point can be directly connected to their attachment to the individual controlling them. For Nora, the guilt, fear and stress that grew within her push her to new extremes. As she put her full trust in Krogstad and her life in the hands of her family, she realizes she can no longer handle her dissatisfaction in the games they play with her heart. She c ontemplates suicide, to permanently terminate the power exerted over her, but is reminded by Krogstad that he would â€Å"still have [Torvald] completely in power† (Isben 588). Instead, she decides to live her life by leaving her husband and children, after telling Torvald â€Å"It’s your fault I’ve done nothing with my life† (597) and wanting more than a superficial relationship. The valiantShow MoreRelatedPower And Influence Of Power1238 Words   |  5 PagesPower and Influence Power and influence go together because power is influence. There is no greater power than having the ability to influence an individual, group of people, or situation. Leaders, followers and the situation can have influence and obtain power at some point. There are five sources of leader power that are used. These sources have been used in situations that I have personally handled. I have also seen these used, by observing some of my leaders. I will review these sources and situationsRead MorePutin s Power Of Power818 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen able to build up his power in a variety of ways throughout his political career. Even throughout power struggles, Putin had been able to prevail. What does Putin have to attribute to his rise in power, was it luck or strategy? Well according to the rhetoric of Gerschewski, there isn’t simply one solid reason or force behind the stability of an autocratic regime. Gerschewski wrote, â€Å"Today’s autocracies cannot rely (at least in the long term) entirely on their abuse of power in a strictly hierarchalRead MorePositional Power Vs. Personal Power809 Words   |  4 Pages10/22/2017 Power Question: Is Positional power more effective in organizational vs personal power. Looking at the topic of power I shall analyzed two theories between positional power and personal power. Collected compared the usage of both power theories and see which is more effective in an organizational. See how I can related my positional in my organization and to improve my personal power in my daily life working in my organization. Positional power One can say that Positional power is a toolRead MoreThe Power Dstance762 Words   |  3 PagesPower Distance Power Distance is one of Hofstede’s dimensions which is used to measure how the difference in power between the people is seen in a country. A country that has a high power distance is one where people are considered superior according to their gender, status, education, race, or family background. A good example of this dimension is India, mainly because of their caste system and females being looked down upon. Indian population is split into 5 groups, and each group has a separateRead MoreThe Theory Of Power And Power1281 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept of power. A general explanation for this concept is, â€Å"power simply means the capacity to bring about outcomes†. (Lukes) Another clear definition would be that â€Å"power is about being able to realize wishes, to produce the effects you want to produce†. Though the concept of power is broad and this concept can be broken down such as having different types of power. Some different types of power can be politi cal, economic, and global power which will be further discussed. Political power in a senseRead MoreSeparation Of Powers Of Power924 Words   |  4 PagesSeparation of Powers Separation of Powers is a system in which power is divided between three branches of government. These branches consist of Legislative (Congress), Executive (President), and Judiciary (Supreme Court). Each one of the branches is given a duty to fulfill. If one branch doesn’t fulfill its duties, the other branches can force that branch to fulfill it. There is another system that helps these branches of government to check on each other and limit each other’s powers. It is calledRead MoreNotes On Sources Of Power1007 Words   |  5 PagesSources of Power in my Life Experience is a key to knowledge. It is a type of power one can simply acquire by observing, encountering, or either undergoing an event. It is a type of power that I have used throughout my life. Expert power. The process of experiencing is when one obtains a skill or a piece of knowledge from an event in their life which can later be utilized in their life. As we gain experience, we become experts in a specific role to which we can help others meet their goals.Read MorePower Struggle In Literature1339 Words   |  6 PagesPower Struggles â€Å"A measure of a man is what he does with power.† These wise words were once said by the classical greek philosopher Plato, and can be applied to our society and fictional societies to this day. In literature, it can be applied to the societies of â€Å"Lamb to the Slaughter† by Roald Dahl, â€Å"Ponies† by Kij Johnson, and â€Å"Honor to Us All† from Disney’s Mulan. Marxism (the theory that is used to look at conflicts and imbalances of power in literature/societies) and Feminism (the study/advocacyRead MoreA Study On Power Generation825 Words   |  4 Pagespresent study involves a study on power generation projects which are an important part of the economy. Power situation has been worsening in Indian economy. Reasons for this scenario is a high growth of the economy which requires enhanced supply of power and the corresponding lack of power generation firms to supply adequate power. Power generation growth has been held back due to higher fuel costs, limited fuel supply pressure to reduce prices and hence profits, power theft, corruption and other issuesRead More5 Sources of Power1164 Words   |  5 PagesManagerial Power Leadership is one of four primary tasks of management. Within leadership is power, and where there is power, comes the affect power plays on the behavior of others. The behaviors can determine how a subordinate will act in a certain way or in certain conditions. Power is divided into five separate and distinct sources of managerial power; coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and referent power. These five bases of power are divided in two categories, formal and personal power. Coercive

Confucianism, Buddhism, And Daoism - 2567 Words

Angelina Chen- Period 2 Shivani Pasricha- Period 6 Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism The founder of Buddhism is Buddha Siddhartha, born 624 in present-day Nepal. His name means â€Å"Awakened One.† A Buddha is somebody who has awoken from sleep and suddenly sees things truthfully. As Buddha grew up, he could speak sixty-four different languages and was a good mathematician. He often visited poor and old people, and realized that every person would one day experience sufferings, for example, sickness and death. Because Buddha believed in reincarnation, he became aware of the fact that everyone would experience these sufferings in a never-ending cycle. This caused him to feel sympathy for them and himself, and so he wished that they could all escape suffering. Thus, this created the religion of Buddhism. Buddhism is one of the major religions around the world. It was introduced to China during the Han dynasty. Although Buddhism was not as popular during that time, it brought great influence during the Period of Disunion. Buddhism was introduced around Asian Lands including Japan and Korea. It included many aspects of Chinese culture, such as art, literature, and architecture. Buddhism was extremely important from about 400 to 845, and is known as the Age of Buddhism. The religion’s golden age came to an end when a Tang emperor launched a campaign against the religion. This included burning many Buddhist texts, taking lands from Buddhist temples, destroyingShow MoreRelatedBuddhism : The Popularity Of Buddhism1306 Words   |  6 PagesBuddhism Culture in China Instructor Dr. Jack Name: Zhoudongxue Zhang Student #: 100311725 Date: 26/11/2015 The Popularity of Buddhism in China Buddhism is one of the most popular religions in the world. The Pew Research Center reports that nearly 488 million people practice Buddhism, which represents 7% to 8% of the world’s entire population. Buddhism is mainly practiced in the Asia-Pacific region with approximately 481,290,000 Buddhists, which means 99% of Buddhists live in Asia-PacificRead MoreComparing Karma, Reincarnation, Rebirth, Moksha, and Nirvana644 Words   |  3 PagesDescribe the difference between Karma, Reincarnation, Rebirth, Moksha, and Nirvana in relation to both Hinduism and Buddhism. Karma is the connotation of causality that past actions influence future events. This is the same for both Buddhism and Hinduism. Both also believe in an endless cycle of births known as endless cycle of births, known as samsara. and release from this cycle of rebirths. Hindus believe in an everlasting soul (atman) that is reincarnated almost intact from birth to birth,Read MoreSimilarities Between Confucianism And Confucianism893 Words   |  4 Pages For centuries, Eastern religions and philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism Daoism have been practiced by millions. Three similarities distinguishable by all four practices is the focus and teachings of virtuous humanistic practices, compassion and respect for the world around us. Although, similar in intentions each system carries unique attributes. In 1027 BCE after the rebel tribe, Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty a time of cultural sophistication, and philosophical achievementRead MoreEvaluate the Changes and Continuities in the Role of Religion in Chinese Society from 600 to 1450.1043 Words   |  5 Pagescertain religions while repressing others. While Buddhism flourished during the Sui and Tang dynasty, it faced opposition from the government during the Song dynasty. Confucianism lost government endorsement during the Sui and Tang but gained momentum during the Song as Neo-Confucianism. Yuan dynasty promoted Islam and Tibet Buddhism but ignored Confucianism. Different rulers sponsored and protected different religions but Confucianism and some form of Buddhism have always been alive in Chinese societyRead MoreConfucianism : Ziran And Wuwei1371 Words   |  6 PagesLike Confucianism, Daoists offer two principles to cultivate oneself: ziran (è‡ ªÃ§â€ž ¶) and wuwei (æâ€"  Ã¤ ¸ º). Ziran has been widely translated to mean self-so. Laozi explains what self-so may mean when he tells his followers to â€Å"open yourself to the Tao, then trust your natural responses; and everything will fall into place.† As Robert Eno, Associate Professor of Early Chinese History and Thought at Indiana University, puts it, â€Å"The inhabitants of the Natural world are ‘self-so,’ they simply are as theyRead MoreComparing Daoism and Confucianism681 Words   |  3 PagesYou can compare Daoism and Confucianism to yin and yang because they complement each other. Daoism and Confucianism coexist as complementary value classifications in East Asian societies. Unlike Jainism, Hinduism, and Buddhism, in which these religions were developed in East Asia, Daoism and Confucianism grew mainly in China. Although these religions grew from similar roots, they both still have different emphases. Daoism also known as Taoism, was a philosophical and radical text written by LaoziRead MoreThe Religious Traditions Of The East Are All Older Than Western Religions1743 Words   |  7 PagesTheir traditions and beliefs are different than in the west. The four major religious traditions in the East are all older than western religions. Each religious tradition can be examined for common concepts and differences. 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October 22 (attended): Discussion was centered around Buddhism, exploring aspects of the two main schools of thought, Theravada and Mahayana. Going over the pillars of Theravada Buddhism we learned how the religion is structured in such a manner that people do not have to practice in a specific location or to a specific deity, but that the school is very introspective

Human Disease and Immunity Research Project

Question: Explain Human Disease and Immunity Research Project. Answer: AIDS: The Acquired Human Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The HIV is a virus that gradually destroys the bodys defense mechanism i.e. the immune system of the human body. This virus destroys the T-helper cell and undergoes replication inside the cells. As the infection progresses, it interferes more with theimmune system, increasing the risk of common infections like tuberculosis, as well as otheropportunistic infections, andtumorsthat rarely affect people who have working immune systems. AIDS is one of the life-threatening diseases that have created fear in the world. Mode of transmission - HIV gets transmitted by several ways: Blood Semen Rectal fluids Pre-seminal fluid Vaginal fluids Breast milk These body fluids come in direct contact with the mucous membrane or the damaged cells or with the use of contagious needle injected into the bloodstream of the human beings. The mucous membranes are found inside the vagina, penis, rectum, and mouth. During the sexual intercourse with an HIV infected person through the seminal or vaginal or rectal the virus is transmitted to the partner. These fluids increase the risk of AIDS. Sharing contagious needles during blood transfusion the virus may get passed on to an uninfected person. During pregnancy, the virus might get transmitted from the mother to the baby or may be through breastfeeding. Although HIV is contagious in nature, the virus cannot be transmitted through urine. Heterosexual mode of sexual intercourse is another major mode of transmission of this virus. Rare cases have been reported that HIV can be transmitted through acupuncture, human bite, artificial insemination and tattoo. Symptoms and impact The symptoms of the AIDS vary from individual to individual depending on the stage complexity. In certain case, it has been observed that some people experience flu-like symptoms which develop within two to four weeks after the invasion of the virus in the body. Few of them may not feel sick during this period. The flu symptoms involve fever, chills, night sweats, rash, sore throat, muscle aches, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes and mouth ulcers. These symptoms may last from few days to several months. During this time, a patient might not show the positive result to the HIV test, but they would be capable enough to pass the disease to others. The early stage is known as the "clinical latency test" and during this stage, the symptoms remain generally suppressed. The late stage involves the following symptoms: rapid weight loss, recurring of flu with sweating at the night, diarrhea, sores in the mouth, pneumonia, extreme tiredness, swelling of the lymph gland, memory loss, depression. Mor eover, symptom ms such as red, brown, purplish or pink blotches under or on the skin, or inside the eyelids, nose, and mouth are also observed sometimes. After the original symptoms vanish, HIV may not be the origin any extra symptoms for months to years. Throughout this time, HIV replicates within our body and starts to deteriorate our immune system. An individual wont feel or look ill, but the HIV is still active, and we can effortlessly transmit it to a susceptible person. That is why early examination, even while we feel well, is so vital. It might take up to ten years or more, but HIV might ultimately break along an individuals immune system. Once this takes place, HIV will develop to AIDS that is the final phase of infection. At this time, our immune system is harshly damaged, creating an individual more susceptible to various infections. Mode of prevention and control HIV prevention refers to the practices done in order to prevent the spread of AIDS. These practices are may be constituted by an individual or by the government. One of the universally effective methods for preventing HIV during sexual intercourse is the use of various preventive methods. HIV positive mothers can prevent the spread of this disease is by the consumption of antiretroviral drugs. Medical professionals and scientists recommend treatment or prevention of other infections such asherpes,hepatitis A,hepatitis B,hepatitis C, human papillomavirus,syphilis,gonorrhea, andtuberculosisas an indirect way to prevent the spread of HIV infection. Influential messages delivered via health advertising and communal marketing campaigns that are planned to educate every individual about the consequences of AIDS and straightforward prevention strategies are too an imperative way of preventing AIDS. This persuasive information has productively increased individuals knowledge about the diseas e and the virus. More prominently, information sent out during advertising and social promotion also shows to be effectual in promoting more constructive manner and intentions toward future use of a condom. Even if they did not carry major change in real behaviors excluding those were targeting at precise behavioral skills. Dependablecondomapplication reduces the danger ofheterosexualHIV transmission by about 80% over the long period. Where one associate of a pair is infected, consistent condom use leads in rates of HIV infection for the uninfected individual of lower than 1% per year. Thus, preventive measures which can stop the passage of the fluids that can transmit the virus from an infected individual to a susceptible person should be used in order to control rate of the dreadful disease. Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is a bacterial disorder that is contagious by nature and is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease is characterized by the infection in the lungs and many times have been observed to affect other parts of the body. Tuberculosis is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world that has affected thirty percentage of the world population. This disease has been a threat to many countries globally. Mode of transmission The mode of transmission of tuberculosis from an infected to a susceptible person is via airborne particles known as the droplet nuclei. When a person has pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis sneeze, cough, shout or laughs the infectious droplet nuclei containing the bacteria are released. These droplets remain suspended in the air for many hours. These bacteria, therefore, get transmitted by the air and not by the surface contact. When a person inhales these droplets consisting of the microorganism the disease is caused. These droplets nuclei enter a susceptible person through the mouth or the nasal passage and then through the trachea enters the respiratory tract. In this way, the bacteria reaches the bronchi and ultimately make their way to the alveoli of the lungs. People with prolonged, frequent, or close contact with people with TB are at particularly high risk of becoming infected, with an estimated 22% infection rate.A person with active but untreated tuberculosis may infect 1 015 (or more) other people per year. Symptoms Tuberculosis may infect any part of the body, but most commonly occurs in the lungs. This type of tuberculosis is known as the Pulmonary tuberculosis. If tuberculosis develops outside the lungs, then it is termed as extra-pulmonary tuberculosis." The general symptoms of the disease are fever, chills, loss of appetite, fatigue and night sweats. Sometimes nail clubbing might also be observed. In the case of the pulmonary tuberculosis, the infection becomes active and the signs noticed are chest pain, prolonged cough including sputum production. In certain cases blood along with a cough are also observed. If the infection erodes the pulmonary artery, it leads to massive bleeding. In terms of the extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, the common symptoms observed are "bursting of a tubercular abscess" through skin lead to a tuberculous ulcer. If the disease occurs in the lymph nodes, then the ulcer enlarges slowly with a wash leather appearance. Mode of prevention and control Tuberculosis prevention and control efforts rely primarily on the vaccination of infants and the detection and appropriate treatment of active cases. Prevention of TB involves screening those at high risk, early detection and treatment of cases, andvaccinationwith theBacillus Calmette-Gurinvaccine. Treatment requires the use of multipleantibioticsover a long period of time. Antibiotic resistanceis a growing problem with increasing rates ofmultiple drug-resistant tuberculosis. Adaptation to various methods has reduced the number of TB patients. One of the greatest examples is China. TB education is essential for every individual with Tuberculosis. People with TB require understanding that how to consume their TB drugs effectively. They also should know how to make an assurance that they would not pass TB on to another individual. But TB learning is also significant for the common public. The public requires attaining essential information regarding TB for a numeral of purposes counting dropping the stigma still linked with TB. TB facts websites have an easy TB quiz that can aid to educate individuals about TB. TB drug treatment for the prevention of TB, also known as chemoprophylaxis, can reduce the risk of the first episode of active TB. TB prevention the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the drug isoniazid should be taken daily for at least six months and preferably nine months. Prevention and alertness of this disease through campaigns and workshops have helped in reducing the rate of this disease. Malaria: Malaria is a mosquito borne disease which is infectious by nature. This disease is prevalent in human beings and other animals as well as other animals. This disease is caused by the parasitic protozoan belonging to the Plasmodium species. Mode of transmission - Malaria is infected by the Plasmodium vivax where the female anopheles mosquito acts as a vector for carrying the microorganism. The infection or the germ is transmitted by a bite of the anopheles mosquito. The mosquito when bites an infected person receives the gametocyte of the parasite via the blood stream. The gametocytes replicates and the saprophytes produced get filled into the salivary glands of the infected mosquito. These saprophytes are transmitted into the blood stream of an individual when such an infected mosquito bites the individual. In few cases, it has been observed that malaria can spread by the inoculation of blood from an infected person to a susceptible person. The disease can also be transmitted from mother to a child through the placenta. Accidental transmission can also take place among drug addicts those who share the same syringes or needles. Symptoms The symptoms of the disease start developing and reflecting within eight to twenty-five days. However, the symptoms can also develop late. The initial manifestation involves flu like signs, headache, fever, vomiting, hemolytic anemia, shivering, joint pain, retinal damage, convulsions, and jaundice. The classical signs of this disease involve shivering due to fever and sweating. In the case of the cerebral malaria the patient exhibit neurological symptoms such as nystagmus, conjugate gaze palsy, abnormal posturing, seizures or coma and opisthotonus. Mode of prevention and control Malaria is a difficult disease to control largely due to the highly adaptable nature of the vector and parasites involved. While effective tools have been and will continue to be developed to combat malaria, inevitably, over time the parasites and mosquitoes will evolve means to circumvent those tools if used in isolation or used ineffectively. To achieve sustainable control over malaria, healthcare professionals will need a combination of new approaches and tools, and research will play a critical role in the development of those next-generation strategies." Effective vaccines would be critical to develope against the disease as a prevention strategy. NIAID supports a wide range of research on the development of the vaccine against the disease. Antimalarial drugs, in combination with mosquito control programs, have historically played a key role in controlling malaria in endemic areas, resulting in significant reduction of the geographic range of malarial disease worldwide. Vector management tools such as insecticides, environmental modification, and bed nets have contributed greatly to successful malaria control efforts historically. Prevention of this disease is much more cost-effective than treatment of the disease in the long run. The cost required for using the preventive measures is accessible by most of the poor countries. Vector control refers to procedures used to reduce malaria by decreasing the levels of broadcast by mosquitoes. To protect an individual, the most effectualinsect repellentsare depended onDEETorpicaridin. Insecticide-treatedmosquito nets(ITNs) andindoor residual spraying(IRS) have been exposed to be extremely efficient in preventing malaria between children in locations where malaria is frequent. The risk of disease can be reduced by preventing mosquito bites by usingmosquito netsandinsect repellents, or with mosquito-control measures such as sprayinginsecticidesand draining standing water. Several medications are available toprevent malariain travelers to areas where the disease is common. "Recent improvements in malaria prevention strategies have further enhanced its effectiveness in combating areas highly infected with the malaria parasite. Additional bite prevention measures include mosquito and insect repellents that can be directly applied to the skin. This form of mosquito repellent is slowly replacingindoor residual spraying, which is considered to have high levels of toxicity by WHO (World Health Organization). Further additions to preventive care are sanctions on blood transfusions. Once the malaria parasite enters the erythrocytic stage, it can adversely affect blood cells, making it possible to contract the parasite through infected blood. Doxycycline and the atovaquone and proguanil combination are the best tolerated with mefloquine associated with higher rates of neurological and psychiatric symptoms." References: Abate, Getahun, and Daniel F. Hoft. "Variations Between Bacillus Calmette-Gurin Strains: Lessons from Tuberculosis Prevention."European urology66.4 (2014): 692-693. Adams, Megan Duncan.Predictors of malaria prevention and case management among children under five in three African countries: Analysis of demographic health surveys (DHS) malaria indicator surveys. Diss. THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, 2015. Alemu, Abebe, et al. "Effect of malaria on HIV/AIDS transmission and progression."Parasit Vectors6.18 (2013): 1756-3305. Bai, J. F., and J. W. Wang. "Effect of Xiang A Granule combined with antiviral therapy for AIDS pathogenesis with syndrome of dampness overabundance due to spleen deficiency and liver-qi stagnation on clinical symptoms improvements."China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy/ Zhonghua Zhongyiyao Zazhi27.5 (2012): 1404-1406. Bogart, Laura M., et al. "Perceived discrimination and physical health among HIV-positive Black and Latino men who have sex with men."AIDS and Behavior17.4 (2013): 1431-1441. Brands, Martien, and Suzanne van Berkel. "Homeopathic diagnosis and treatment of malaria in Kenya."International Journal of High Dilution Resarch13.47 (2014). Chiodini, P. L., et al. "Guidelines for malaria prevention in travellers from the United Kingdom. London."Public Health England, July 2013(2013). Cluver, Lucie, et al. "The hidden harm of home-based care: pulmonary tuberculosis symptoms among children providing home medical care to HIV/AIDS-affected adults in South Africa."AIDS care25.6 (2013): 748-755. Field, Martha A. "Coercion as a tool in the Fight against AIDS: Persuation is Preferable to Force." (2015). Gandhi, Neel R., et al. "Nosocomial transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a rural hospital in South Africa."Journal of Infectious Diseases207.1 (2013): 9-17. HIV, CDC, and H. LONG. "AIDS."Medical Care916 (2012): 874-7720. Larson, Lex K.Employee Health--AIDS Discrimination. Vol. 10. Larson on Employment Discrimination, 2015. Lnnroth, Knut, Gojka Roglic, and Anthony D. Harries. "Improving tuberculosis prevention and care through addressing the global diabetes epidemic: from evidence to policy and practice."The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology2.9 (2014): 730-739. Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu, and Marcia C. Castro. "Do malaria vector control measures impact disease-related behaviour and knowledge? Evidence from a large-scale larviciding intervention in Tanzania."Malar J12.422 (2013): 10-1186. Margolis, B., et al. "Prevalence of tuberculosis symptoms and latent tuberculous infection among prisoners in northeastern Malaysia."The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease: the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease17.12 (2013): 1538. Matsumoto-Takahashi, Emilie Louise Akiko, et al. "Patient Knowledge on Malaria Symptoms Is a Key to Promoting Universal Access of Patients to Effective Malaria Treatment in Palawan, the Philippines."PloS one10.6 (2015): e0127858. Middelkoop, Keren, et al. "Transmission of tuberculosis in a South African community with a high prevalence of HIV infection."Journal of Infectious Diseases211.1 (2015): 53-61. Mordecai, Erin A., et al. "Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramatically lower than previously predicted."Ecology letters16.1 (2013): 22-30. Mwangangi, Joseph M., et al. "Shifts in malaria vector species composition and transmission dynamics along the Kenyan coast over the past 20 years."Malaria journal12.1 (2013): 1-9. Noor, Abdisalan M., et al. "The changing risk of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in Africa: 200010: a spatial and temporal analysis of transmission intensity."The Lancet383.9930 (2014): 1739-1747. Prez-Lago, Laura, et al. "Whole genome sequencing analysis of intrapatient microevolution in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: potential impact on the inference of tuberculosis transmission."Journal of Infectious Diseases(2013): jit439. Sandgren, Andreas, et al. "Tuberculosis transmission between foreign-and native-born populations in the EU/EEA: a systematic review."European Respiratory Journal43.4 (2014): 1159-1171. Sutton, Madeline Y., and Carolyn P. Parks. "HIV/AIDS prevention, faith, and spirituality among black/African American and Latino communities in the United States: strengthening scientific faith-based efforts to shift the course of the epidemic and reduce HIV-related health disparities."Journal of religion and health52.2 (2013): 514-530. Thind, A., et al. "P4. 001 Gender Differences in Determinants of HIV/AIDS Transmission in Albania: Do They Exist?."Sexually Transmitted Infections89.Suppl 1 (2013): A289-A289. Abate, Getahun, and Daniel F. Hoft. "Variations Between Bacillus Calmette-Gurin Strains: Lessons from Tuberculosis Prevention."European urology66.4 (2014): 692-693. Mordecai, Erin A., et al. "Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramatically lower than previously predicted."Ecology letters16.1 (2013): 22-30. Noor, Abdisalan M., et al. "The changing risk of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in Africa: 200010: a spatial and temporal analysis of transmission intensity."The Lancet383.9930 (2014): 1739-1747. Mwangangi, Joseph M., et al. "Shifts in malaria vector species composition and transmission dynamics along the Kenyan coast over the past 20 years."Malaria journal12.1 (2013): 1-9. Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu, and Marcia C. Castro. "Do malaria vector control measures impact disease-related behaviour and knowledge? Evidence from a large-scale larviciding intervention in Tanzania."Malar J12.422 (2013): 10-1186. Matsumoto-Takahashi, Emilie Louise Akiko, et al. "Patient Knowledge on Malaria Symptoms Is a Key to Promoting Universal Access of Patients to Effective Malaria Treatment in Palawan, the Philippines."PloS one10.6 (2015): e0127858. Brands, Martien, and Suzanne van Berkel. "Homeopathic diagnosis and treatment of malaria in Kenya."International Journal of High Dilution Resarch13.47 (2014). Chiodini, P. L., et al. "Guidelines for malaria prevention in travellers from the United Kingdom. London."Public Health England, July 2013(2013). Adams, Megan Duncan.Predictors of malaria prevention and case management among children under five in three African countries: Analysis of demographic health surveys (DHS) malaria indicator surveys. Diss. THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH, 2015. Alemu, Abebe, et al. "Effect of malaria on HIV/AIDS transmission and progression."Parasit Vectors6.18 (2013): 1756-3305. Bai, J. F., and J. W. Wang. "Effect of Xiang A Granule combined with antiviral therapy for AIDS pathogenesis with syndrome of dampness overabundance due to spleen deficiency and liver-qi stagnation on clinical symptoms improvements."China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy/ Zhonghua Zhongyiyao Zazhi27.5 (2012): 1404-1406. Bogart, Laura M., et al. "Perceived discrimination and physical health among HIV-positive Black and Latino men who have sex with men."AIDS and Behavior17.4 (2013): 1431-1441. Cluver, Lucie, et al. "The hidden harm of home-based care: pulmonary tuberculosis symptoms among children providing home medical care to HIV/AIDS-affected adults in South Africa."AIDS care25.6 (2013): 748-755. Field, Martha A. "Coercion as a tool in the Fight against AIDS: Persuation is Preferable to Force." (2015). Gandhi, Neel R., et al. "Nosocomial transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a rural hospital in South Africa."Journal of Infectious Diseases207.1 (2013): 9-17. Lnnroth, Knut, Gojka Roglic, and Anthony D. Harries. "Improving tuberculosis prevention and care through addressing the global diabetes epidemic: from evidence to policy and practice."The Lancet Diabetes Endocrinology2.9 (2014): 730-739. Margolis, B., et al. "Prevalence of tuberculosis symptoms and latent tuberculous infection among prisoners in northeastern Malaysia."The international journal of Middelkoop, Keren, et al. "Transmission of tuberculosis in a South African community with a high prevalence of HIV infection."Journal of Infectious Diseases211.1 (2015): 53-61. Prez-Lago, Laura, et al. "Whole genome sequencing analysis of intrapatient microevolution in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: potential impact on the inference of tuberculosis transmission."Journal of Infectious Diseases(2013): jit439. Sandgren, Andreas, et al. "Tuberculosis transmission between foreign-and native-born populations in the EU/EEA: a systematic review."European Respiratory Journal43.4 (2014): 1159-1171. Sutton, Madeline Y., and Carolyn P. Parks. "HIV/AIDS prevention, faith, and spirituality among black/African American and Latino communities in the United States: strengthening scientific faith-based efforts to shift the course of the epidemic and reduce HIV-related health disparities."Journal of religion and health52.2 (2013): 514-530. Mordecai, Erin A., et al. "Optimal temperature for malaria transmission is dramatically lower than previously predicted."Ecology letters16.1 (2013): 22-30. Thind, A., et al. "P4. 001 Gender Differences in Determinants of HIV/AIDS Transmission in Albania: Do They Exist?."Sexually Transmitted Infections89.Suppl 1 (2013): A289-A289. Gandhi, Neel R., et al. "Nosocomial transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in a rural hospital in South Africa."Journal of Infectious Diseases207.1 (2013): 9-17.

Women and Islam an Example by

Women and Islam In her work, Hassan speaks about the role women play in Islam. The author refers to the continuous misinterpretation of the Islamic provisions and traditions; as a result of this misinterpretation, a woman in Islam seems to play a role submissive to man. Negative ideas about women that have no base in the Quran have apparently become part of Muslim thinking by assimilation from surrounding cultures (Hassan, 2007, 243). In reality, many schools of Islamic law refute the idea of a woman being inferior to man. Islam teaches men to treat women with kindness and respect (Hassan, 2007, 243). Quran teaches the Muslim community to secure the safety rights of women (Hassan, 2007, 246). Special attention is paid to safety, if a woman is suspected of adultery: the fact of sexual relations will never be proven unless four witnesses can confirm it (Hassan, 2007, 248). Although Quran makes certain reference to disobedient wives, its initial aim is to provide women and men with equal rights to reac h heaven. A woman in marriage plays a special role of mans advisor and supporter (Hassan, 2007, 251). This is why in early Islamic history many Muslim women accompanied their husbands in battles. This is why early Islamic history has given birth to several significant female figures, among which Khadija, Aisha, and Fatima were the most prominent. Need essay sample on "Women and Islam" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed However, even in the light of these promising trends, Islam remains a predominantly male religion. There is as yet no possibility that women can hold positions of spiritual authority in mosques (Hassan, 2007, 258). Islamic traditions vary from country to country, and while some women are allowed to attend the shrines and to beg for spiritual intervention to solve their personal problems, the female majority is forbidden to even approach a saints tomb (Hassan, 2007, 258). Many Islamic communities openly express their negative attitudes towards westernization, thus adding to womens social burden in Islam. Women are still responsible for contraception in sexual relations with their husbands; some smaller communities were known for applying genital mutilation to girls (Hassan, 2007, 261). In many aspects, the Islamic norms which put women on equal terms with men remain unrecognized by the larger Islamic community. For centuries, the major Islamic provisions have been re-interpreted by men. This is why Hassan argues for the importance of studying primary Islamic norms by women (Hassan, 1999, 250). As male-centered and male-dominated Muslim societies [] keep women in physical, mental, and emotional confinement and deprive them of the opportunity to actualize their human potential, women have no other choice but to be more actively involved into the process of studying the Islamic theology. Hassan is extremely disturbed by the fact that only a handful of Muslim women are good connoisseurs of Islamic theology; the increased religious activity of Muslim women will provide the basis for combating brutality, female exploitation and the power of anti-women laws. However, it is not enough to make women more active; it is critical that religious women pay special attention to the three major theoretical issues in Islam. First, the Islamic theology of women should examine the issues of womens creation in Islam (Hassan, 1999, 254). Second, the female theology of Islam should examine the issue of womans guilt in the fall episode (Hassan, 1999, 257). There is still no definite answer to who should carry the major responsibility for a mans fall in paradise. Third, the Islamic theology of women should finally examine the primary purpose of a womans existence (Hassan, 1999, 261). The male Islamic community views a womans purpose in Islam as to be of use to men who are superior to the m (Hassan, 1999, 263). Women should be more active in studying the Islamic theology, to improve their social position within the Islamic religion. Veil (or hijab) remains the corner stone in the conflict between traditional Islam and westernization. By many, veil (hijab) is viewed as oppressive means of emphasizing womens inferior position in Islamic religion. In her work, Hassan avoids critical judgments, and tries to be objective. In her view, hijab (veiling) for women is a part of the reassertion of their traditional culture (Hassan, 2007, 242). In many aspects, Hassans views are similar to those Naheed Mustafa expressed in her article My Body is My Own Business: wearing hijab has given me freedom from constant attention to my physical self. Hassan and Mustafa are common in that hijab gives Muslim women more opportunities to work, to go outside, and to socialize. This knowledge provides a new vision of a woman in Islam, for whom veil is not an oppression but the instrument of freedom, and for whom the knowledge of Islamic theology is the direct pathway towards social equality with Muslim men. BIBLIOGRAPHY Hassan, R. Women In Islam. In Women in Religion, Fisher M.P. (eds)., 235-269. Pearson / Longman, 2007. Hassan, R. Feminism in Islam. In Feminism and World Religions, Sharma, A. & Young,K.K. (eds.), 249-278. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999. Mustafa, N. My Body Is My Own Business. The Globe and Mail, 29 June 1993. Women and Islam an Example by Women and Islam The people on the earth are broadly divided into two categories of human beings, Male and Female. Female humans are also termed as women. The term woman, who is grammatically, plural form of the English word woman, is generally used for grownup or adults but sometimes this represents the whole female category irrespective of their age. Need essay sample on "Women and Islam" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Historically speaking, women always assumed a particular role in making and shaping of society. In hunter-gatherer societies, women were generally the gatherer of plant food, small animal foods, and learned to use dairy products, while men were suppose to hunt larger animals and provide security to the members of the group. In the recent history, the role and responsibility of women have gradually changed. In the middle class societies, women were primarily responsible for domestic tasks with prim focus on childcare and they did not get the chance to enter into employment for wage but for lower income generating societies, apart from the primary responsibilities, seeking employment out side the home for them become an economic compulsion. Accordingly we see that this is not only the social background or economic background, which have played theirs role in deciding the women position in their society but a very significant role have also been played by the religions in deciding the social consideration of the women belonging to that religion. Here I will primarily discuss about the women and the Islamic viewpoint about them. The teaching of Islam is based essentially on Koran, which is considered as Gods revelation and Hadeeth, which is regarded as the elaborations by Prophet Muhammad. The Koran provides that women and men are equal in the sight of God, in terms of their rights and responsibilities. The Koran states, Every soul will be (held) pledge for its deeds. (1) Women according to Koran, in terms of religious obligations, such as daily prayers, Fasting, Poor due, and pilgrimage are no different than men. But, the women are exempted from the daily prayer and from fasting during menstrual period and forty days after childbirth. She is also exempted from fasting during pregnancy and when she is nourishing and nursing her baby, if there is any threat to her health or her babys health. If the missed fasting is religiously obligatory (during the month of Ramadan), she can make up for the missed days, whenever she can. She does not have to make up for prayers missed for any of the above reasons. Although women can and did go into the mosque during the days of the prophet and there after the attendance at the Friday congregational prayers is optional for them, while it is mandatory for men (Friday). This is clearly a soft touch of the Islamic teachings for they are considerate of the fact that a woman may be nursing her baby or caring for him and thus may be unable to attend the mosque at the time of prayer. They also take into account the physiological and psychological changes associated with her natural female functions. Broadly speaking, Islam brought about far reaching reforms in respect of the condition and status of women. For the first time in the history of human civilization, the principle of equity between the sexes was recognized and practically carried into effect. Sexual relationship without obligation in the form of loose marriages was abolished and only a proper form of marriage was recognized and the same was standardized. Womens consent to the marriage was given central importance. Sense of chastity was introduced and developed both in men and women and un-chastity was subjected to strict moral and legal checks. Islam provides an efficient legal framework for the protection of her dignity and safeguards against her exploitation. Till her marriage, on the father has been cast the strict legal duty to look after her and meet all her requirements. The Islamic law vests in her all the rights due to her as an independent human being. She is entitled to inherit from her parents along with her brothers. On her marriage she does not loose her individuality. She does not cease to be an independent member of the society in her own rights and her personality does not merge into that of her husband. She can own property and dispose it of in any manner she chooses. She can sue and be sued in her own name. She becomes the absolute and exclusive owner of what she earns by her skill or whatever she gets through inheritance or gift from any source. She does not require to seek leave from her husband to dispose off her property in the manner she deems fit. All this is not by way of favor from the society, whi ch can be withdrawn at the whim of any person or any legislature at any time. It is all guaranteed by the Islamic law, which is permanent and beyond the modifying power of any authority of the earth. Marriage in Islam derives its legitimacy from the Shariat and it is treated as contract. There is no ban on widow remarriage and divorce is allowed. But in practice, the contract of marriage gives very unequal rights to man and women. Religion provides for free consent of both parties in the Nikah but in the practice, it is mere formality, as so far as girl is concerned. This is an example of the fact that the super structure of equality of sexes is granted without dismantling the infrastructure of inequality of the sexes in Islam. It confines a woman into immanence and asks her to perform an act of transcendence, which by all means remains immanence. Similarly widow remarriage and divorce are generally frowned upon, especially among middle and the upper classes, even though they are permissible in Islam. The right of repudiation of marriage contract is with the husband. Polygamy is permitted in Islam. A wife therefore, has a distinctly inferior status. Religion makes the husband the family head and expects the wife to obey and serve him. Maher is meant to be a security for the wife against the possibility of divorce at the husbands free will. It is doubtful, however, as to how many women are in a position to assert their claims of Maher in the event of a divorce or widowhood, particularly in the communities among whom, the marriage contract need not be in writing. Womens rights of inheritance, provided in Islam are significant, especially in view of the fact they were meant for a patrilineal social structure. Islam introduced share for wife, daughter, mother, sisters and grandmothers. The general rule being that the female was to inherit half of what the corresponding male would inherit. However, the womens right to hold or inherit property, is not often followed in practice. This is largely due to their seclusion, absence of education, and prevalence of customs and conventions. Two practices that have been most detrimental to the status of the women in Islam have been Talaq or unilateral divorce and seclusion of women. It is largely due to seclusion that has kept Muslim Women backward in respect of education, health, prevented their participation in economic and social fields and has been a hurdle in the way of realizing their civil rights. It has made them heavily dependent on men for the business of living and hence also for achieving any progress. For Mutahhari, Islam is not against the equality of men and women, but it does not agree with the identicalness of their rights (2). He thinks that If women wishes to acquire rights equal to the rights of men and happiness equal to the happiness of man, the only way to get that end is for her to forget about an identicalness of rights with men and have faith in rights suitable for herself. Only in this way can unity and real sincerity between men and women be achieved and only then will women obtain happiness equal to or better than mans. Men then, out of sincerity and without any derogatory thoughts, will be ready to concede to her equal and at times better rights than their own. About the point of actuality, he argues that Our point of view is that dissimilarity in the rights of man and woman should be observed to whatever extent nature has differently molded and created them. Which means to be a husband, in itself, that is, the fact of being husband, imposes certain obligations an d signifies certain rights, and to be a wife in itself imposes certain obligations and implies certain rights. With regard to divorce, in the eye of Islam, divorce is vehemently hated and detested. Here the man is given the prerogative to pronounce triple divorce- Talaq, Talaq, Talaq-to bring the contract of marriage to an end. The natural mechanism of marriage on which Islam has based its laws, is that the women should have a position of being loved and respected in the family order. Consequently, if, for some reason, the wife has fallen from this position and the warmth of the love of the husband for her has cooled down and he has lost his affection for her, the foundation and the main pillar of the family has destroyed. Mutahhari observes So whenever the fire of the love and affection of the husband is extinguished, the union of marriage, from the natural point of view, subsists no more. (3) Hence the Islamic viewpoint about the divorce is that the nature has deposited the key of the natural dissolution of marriage in the custody of man. In other words, it is man who by his own apathy and unfaithfulness towards his wife makes her cold and unfaithful. Conversely, if the difference begins on the side of the wife, it does not affect the affection of the man, rather, incidentally, it makes the affection more acute. Consequently the difference of the man leads to indifference on the both sides. In this way, in Islam, a Muslim has a genuine reason for divorce only if he or she become cruel, vindictive, abusive, unfaithful, neglectful, selfish, sexually abusive, tyrannical, perverted, and so on. In good Islamic practice, before divorce can be contemplated, all possible efforts should be made to solve a couples problem. After an intention of divorce is announced, there is a three months period during which more attempts are made at reconciliation. If by the end of each month, the couple has resumed sexual intimacy, the divorce should not proceed. The three-month rule ensures that a woman cannot remarry until three menstrual cycles have passed- so, if she happens to be pregnant, the child will be supported and paternity will not be in dispute. Regarding polygamy, the Koran endorses up to the limit of four wives per man. But it is ordained in the Koran that If you fear that you shall not be able to behave justly among your wives, do not have more than one woman as your wife. Sexual intimacy outside marriage is forbidden in Islam, including sex before marriage, adultery or homosexual relationship. However, within marriage, sexual intimacy should be raised from animal level to worship level so that each considers the happiness and satisfaction of the other, rather than mere self-gratification. On analyzing the political aspect of Islamic viewpoint on women, we find women equality with men during the Islamic civilization. But although not mentioned in the Koran, one Hadeeth of the Prophet is interpreted to make women ineligible for the position of head of state. As per the referred Hadeeth, a people will not prosper, if they let a woman be their leader. This limitation, however, has nothing to do with the dignity of woman or with her rights. It is rather related to the natural differences in the biological and psychological make-up of men and women. According to Islam, the head of the state is required to perform multiple functions, including leading the people in the prayers, especially on Fridays and festivities. He is continuously required to engage himself in the process of decision making related to the security and welfare of the subject. This demanding position or other similar situations is very inconsistent with the physiological and psychological make-up of the women in general. But these are the different arguments, which are given to defend the inconsistent viewpoint of Islam about Muslim Women. Summarizing the whole issue, this can be said that Islamic viewpoint about the women might be different but in the cultural practices followed by them make her status more vulnerable. Despite the fact that the Koran is addressed to all Muslims, and for the most part, we do not find any difference between men and women. Women have the right to divorce, to inherit property, to conduct business and to have access to knowledge, But in practice, in Riyadh, a woman is forbidden from driving a car. During the Taliban regime in Afghanistan, girls were forbidden from going to school. The veiling of Muslim women is still a very complex issue. Regardless of her skills or intelligence, she is expected to accept her man as his master. According to one verse of Koran, man can punish his wife physically, if her ill will is wrecking the marriage. Let us wish and hope that a Woman in Islam gets her due share in time to come. Works Cited Koran -74:38 Mutahhari, Murtada; Rights of Women in Islam / Tehran / World Organization of Islamic Studies, p/39 Mutahhari, Murtada; Rights of Women in Islam / Tehran / World Organization of Islamic Studies, p/128

Crime And Punishment In America

Crime And Punishment In America Crime is something wrongfully done against another person, place, or thing. Too much of the wrong thing is being done in the fight against "vice and sin" . Religion impacts laws in various ways, laws are based on religion and our religion instills in us, our morals. Since the morals of the community are what the laws are based on in turn religion has a great impact on the laws. Freedom for women revolutionized the employment for women, it created a new independence they were no longer restricted to the kitchen. The progressive movement impacted the fight against by making alcohol illegal which in turn only made the people who wanted it, try harder, and the people who didn't want to put in the extra effort, experiment with other drugs or stimulants such as opium, cocaine, and marijuana. Organized crime also began once prohibition was enforced. I believe prostitution was legalized in the State of Nevada because they most likely figured that Nevada was a state where the rules didn't apply, in general most of the implemented laws were not implemented and this was a tourist attraction to certain people who enjoyed getting away with certain things such as gambling and buying sex.Al Capone. Mugshot information from Science and So...Bingo was considered a crime in this video since the church was gambling for money. In America gambling is viewed as something everybody does at one time or another and some get addicted to, but no matter what, the people on the receiving end make a whole lot of money. Community standards are the morals of a community since many communities are very different in what they believe is right and wrong.The internet has opened up a totally new area of crime, such as internet fraud, hacking into web sites databases, stealing credit card numbers, stealing identities...

Understand and Prevent Memory Leaks in Delphi

Understand and Prevent Memory Leaks in Delphi Delphis support for object-oriented programming is rich and powerful. Classes and objects allow for modular code programming. Along with more modular and more complex components come more sophisticated and more complex bugs. While developing applications in Delphi is (almost) always fun, there are situations when you feel like the whole world is against you. Whenever you need to use (create) an object in Delphi, you need to free the memory it consumed (once no longer needed). Surely, the try/finally memory guarding blocks can help you prevent memory leaks; its still up to you to safeguard your code. A memory (or resource) leak occurs when the program loses the ability to free the memory it consumes. Repeated memory leaks cause the memory usage of a process to grow without bounds. Memory leaks are a serious problem if you have a code causing memory leak, in an application running 24/7, the application will eat up all the memory available and finally make the machine stop responding. Memory Leaks in Delphi The first step to avoiding memory leaks is to understand how they occur. What follows is a discussion on some common pitfalls and best practices for writing non-leaking Delphi code. In most (simple) Delphi applications, where you use the components (Buttons, Memos, Edits, etc.) you drop on a form (at design time), you do not need to care too much about memory management. Once the component is placed on a form, the form becomes its owner and will free the memory taken by the component once the form is closed (destroyed). Form, as the owner, is responsible for memory deallocation of the components it hosted. In short: components on a form are created and destroyed automatically Examples of Memory Leaks In any non-trivial Delphi application, you will want to instantiate Delphi components at run time. You will, also, have some of your own custom classes. Lets say you have a class TDeveloper that has a method DoProgram. Now, when you need to use the TDeveloper class, you create an instance of the class by calling the Create method (constructor). The Create method allocates memory for a new object and returns a reference to the object. varzarko : TDeveloperbeginzarko : TMyObject.Create;zarko.DoProgram;end; And heres a simple memory leak! Whenever you create an object, you must dispose of the memory it occupied. To free the memory an object allocated, you must call the Free method. To be perfectly sure, you should also use the try / finally block: varzarko : TDeveloperbeginzarko : TMyObject.Create;tryzarko.DoProgram;finallyzarko.Free;end;end; This is an example of safe memory allocation and deallocation code. Some words of warning: If you want to dynamically instantiate a Delphi component and explicitly free it sometime later, always pass nil as the owner. Failure to do so can introduce unnecessary risk, as well as performance and code maintenance problems. Besides creating and destroying objects using the Create and Free methods, you must also be very careful when using external (files, databases, etc) resources.Lets say you need to operate on some text file. In a very simple scenario, where the AssignFile method is used to associate a file on a disk with a file variable when you are finished with the file, you must call CloseFile to free the file handle to begin used. This is where you do not have an explicit call to Free. varF: TextFile;S: string;beginAssignFile(F, c:\somefile.txt) ;tryReadln(F, S) ;finallyCloseFile(F) ;end;end; Another example includes loading external DLLs from your code. Whenever you use LoadLibrary, you must call FreeLibrary: vardllHandle : THandle;begindllHandle : Loadlibrary(MyLibrary.DLL) ;//do something with this DLLif dllHandle 0 then FreeLibrary(dllHandle) ;end; Memory Leaks in .NET? Although with Delphi for .NET the garbage collector (GC) manages most memory tasks, it is possible to have memory leaks in .NET applications. Heres an article discussion GC in Delphi for .NET. How to Fight Against Memory Leaks Besides writing modular memory-safe code, preventing memory leaks can be done by using some of the third-party tools available. Delphi Memory Leak Fix Tools help you catch Delphi application errors such as memory corruption, memory leaks, memory allocation errors, variable initialization errors, variable definition conflicts, pointer errors, and more.

Business Process Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business Process Management - Assignment Example rs is because it has worked in eliminating symptoms of business dysfunction such as slow service rate, poor data management and inefficiency in customer service. While this process is crucial for any organization, it is surrounded by a number of challenges and disadvantages that make it hard to implement. However, in the face of current business competition, it is crucial for every organization to focus on business process management to ensure that they remain competitive through efficiency in accomplishment of their goals and objectives. Business process management is a strategy that is concerned with streamlining business operations to ensure that they are optimally efficient. In other word, it is referred to as business process optimization through technological strategies. The BPM is based on the principle that if the organizational functions are accomplished with high efficiency, it is possible for an organization to achieve higher profits (Bhasin & Parrey, 2013). BPM ensures that there efficient information processing, project monitoring, risk measurement and service delivery within the organization. There is a great link between the line of business and the information technology in developing efficient business systems. With the current proliferation of technology, BPM has become an important aspect in deploying information technology in streamlining business operations. For instance, software applications are currently used to process large data to ensure that a company can use a wide range of data to make b usiness decisions. Software systems are used to monitor business operations to ensure that the projects remain within the schedule, which is critical in following the critical path. In large business organizations, technology is used to streamline communication within the organization among the employees. Efficiency in business operation is responsible for increase in the organizational profits. Business process management has both advantages and

The underrepresentation of women in science and engineering is the Essay

The underrepresentation of women in science and engineering is the result of innate differences in aptitude and interests. Agree or disagree, with reference to relevant evidence - Essay Example This researcher claims that such is a farce and is untrue. Far from the decadence of the past, women in this millennium has given much participation in labor, construction, decision-making, legislations, research, science, aviation, military service and in endeavors that require calculable minds. The oppressive condition within the society and even within the confines of homes dialectically encouraged them to reclaim those rights to attain education, to become part of the national workforces, and to become significant partners for societal development. To have a global glimpse of women’s space, Index Mundi reported that the world has global population of nearly 7 billion people, of which, about 88.3% males and 79.2% females from aged 15 above have attain a certain level of literacy (Barrientos & Soria, 2012). It’s also reported that there are about 793 million illiterate populace are in Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria and Pakistan (Barrientos & Soria, 2012). Data further unveiled that most those who are unable to attain degree of education are women comprising about 2/3 of such populace who are concentrating within the regions of Arab states, South and West Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. While this is a challenging fact confronting the world’s educational system, there is however some significant changes in the ratio of women enjoying degrees on science, math and engineering. The Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy [CSEPP] (2007) for instance, cited that in Vancouver from 1974 to 2004, women comprise one-third of doctorate in 50 leading chemistry departments; 27% form mathematics and statistics, and one-fourth in physics and astronomy (p.14). There were also one-fourth of women who garnered doctorate degrees in chemical engineering and 15% in general engineering course (CSEPP 2007, p. 14). The same institution observed the while there were many women who

Investigatory Project Essay Example for Free

Investigatory Project Essay Soil is a complex mixture of inorganic materials with variable amounts of air and water. The inorganic materials includes clay, silt, sand, gravel and rocks. Soil is a variable mixture of minerals, inorganic matter, and water, making it capable of supporting plant life. But as the time passes by, problems arise in relevance to soil utilization such as erosion, floods, landslides and earthquake. So, the study of soil has been done by the land use planners to evaluate natural hazards and the soil capability through waste management, appropriateness for agriculture, wildlife, and for infrastructure. In India, Soil Erosion is among the leading areas of concern of the government. It affects cultivation and farming in the country in adverse and unfavorable ways. Soil erosion leads to deprivation of physical characteristics of soils and damages plants and crops. In India almost 130 million hectares of lands, that is 45% of total geographical surface area, is affected by serious soil erosion through gorge and gully, shifting cultivation, cultivated wastelands, sandy area, desserts, and water logging. Soil erosion by rain and rivers that takes place in hilly areas causes severe landslides and floods while cutting trees for agricultural implements, firewood and timber grazing by a large number of livestock ones and above the carrying capacity of grass lands, traditional agricultural practices, construction of roads, indiscriminate quarrying and other activities, have all led to the opening of hill-faces to extreme soil erosion. Soil erosion and desertification in the Philippines is greatly impacting the nation. 100 years ago at least 95% of the country was covered by lush rain forest. Over 15 years, from 1990 to 2005 the Philippines lost one third of its forest due to relentless logging. Although the desertification rate has dropped from 20% in the 1990’s to now a small percentage of two. Inhabitants of the Philippines have been around four thousand of years end with hundreds and hundreds of years of destructive agriculture.

Pros and Cons of Attending College Essay example -- essays research pa

Is College Worth It? In Life today a college education is no longer an option or privilege, but rather it is a necessity. We are raised to believe that a person needs higher education in order to succeed in life. There is a saying, â€Å"if you think education is expensive, try ignorance.† You may ask is college necessary? There are people out in the real world that have never set a foot on a college campus before and they are doing better than others that have their master’s degree. There are many views from both sides that have a good argument. The main reason people go to college is because they were always told you will have a better life if you go to college. Kids are pressured to feel that the have to go to college because, â€Å"it is the right thing to do.† Students may have different ideas on what he or she want to do with their life, but because their mentors and parents know what is best for them they might end up doing something they may not want to do. Going to college makes you appear more socially prestige. Some people go to college only for the title, others go f...

Debate 2nd Speaker LGBT

I’m the second speaker for the proposition team and our stand is transgender should be classified as the third gender. My first point is that transgender should be given a proper recognition in the society. Let’s be honest, there’s a good chance that you have not heard of Transgender Day of Remembrance. How often do we actually think about the â€Å"T† in LGBT? Over the years, there have been far too many cases of hate crimes that have been motivated by an individual’s sexual preference. Often, what prompt these crimes are motivations of fear and ignorance. Human sexuality is extremely complicated – how should one view the sexuality of a transgender person? If he or she are post-op, does that mean they’re still technically transgender? Well, one would have to say that all crimes committed against transgender men and women are motivated by homophobia (negative feelings/attitudes against LGBT). But is this necessarily the right view to view this subject? The Transgender Day of Remembrance started in the late 90s, and it is a day set aside to remember those members of the trans community who have been killed, murdered in the previous years for simply being trans or being perceived to be trans. One such case, being Rita Hester who was 34 years old when she was found dead in her apartment in 1998. This case was tragic for a number of reasons, not the least of which is the fact that it achieved less national attention than the murder of Matthew Shepard, which happened five weeks earlier (a white male). There are still many more questions that are unanswered, but what is certain is the effect these kinds of crimes have had on the LGBT community and what the lack of attention and action means. In conclusion, my team is clearly right in saying transgender should be classified as the third gender because they should be given a proper recognition in the society.

Far From The Madding Crowd Essay

This inconsiderate act lead Boldwood to believe that Bathsheba wanted marriage with him. As we found out Boldwood is very ignorant to love and because he is a very sensitive character falls into a false sense of security because of Bathsheba’s prank. In chapter 23 it looked as if marriage was inevitable because Bathsheba promises to marry Boldwood when he returns. â€Å"I shall be able to promise to be your wife† Boldwood is delighted that he has the opportunity to enter into a marriage with Bathsheba. â€Å"It is enough; I don’t ask more. I can wait on those dear words†. The level of attraction is neither physical, physiological nor emotional, the only level of attraction is Bellwood’s intellect and social status. In chapter 53 Boldwood proves his love and obsession when Troy returns to the scene. Boldwood is fully aware of the threat Troy will impose and therefore shoots him. From the beginning we can tell that nothing will ever amount between their relationship as the emotion felt by Boldwood isn’t reciprocated. Boldwood feels for Bathsheba on all five levels of attraction physical, intellectual, social, psychological and emotional. Within the Bathsheba Boldwood relationship Hardy is trying to promote the fact that for a relationship to be a success there must be an equal level of attraction. Hardy believes that it is great to be in love but it is a lot better to be loved. The second mistake, probably Bathsheba’s biggest mistake was Sgt. Frank Troy. He is the charming soldier who meets Bathsheba in a romantic twilight on the plantation. Hardy doesn’t let us live in this dream world for long because he reveals the true identity of Troy. Troy impresses men, lies to women and misuses his intelligence and power in flirtation and deceit. We are also made aware of one of Troy’s previous relationships with one Fanny Robin. Troy and Fanny had much like the relationship as Bathsheba and troy because she is wooed at first by his charm then finds out what he is truly like. Troy ignores Fanny as she becomes ill and is very poor because of what he had done. However in the Chapter appropriately named ‘Fanny’s revenge’ they examine the dead body and Fanny Robin and it is revealed she was pregnant with Troy’s baby. Troy is devastated and kisses the corpse in front of Bathsheba. Troy’s true love was Fanny not Bathsheba. Bathsheba is attracted to Troy almost straight away even when she finds out what he is really like. However she turns a blind eye to this because she has already fallen in love with him. With this ideal Hardy is trying to promote the idea that love is blind. In the early stages of their relationship troy comes across as a very loving and caring husband who treats Bathsheba like a queen however as a reader we know this is far from the truth. The pinnacle of his ‘boyish charm’ is within chapter 28, in this chapter Troy exhilarates Bathsheba as he does a sword practise from now on in Troy dominates the relationship and this is where the deceit begins. â€Å"But how could you chop off a curl of my hair with a sword that has no edge? † â€Å"No edge! This sword will shave like a razor. Look here† The scene is very symbolic because Bathsheba is led to believe the sword is blunt although Troy knows it is extremely sharp. The symbolism is that troy is the sword and Bathsheba is nai ve to see that Troy is a sharp edge himself and can do a lot of harm. Bathsheba’s love increases for Troy as the novel progresses until the very last point where Troy is shot and Oak and Bathsheba marry. The relationship begins to diminish as Troy begins to gamble and treat Bathsheba inadequately however she persists to take it. Hardy is trying to promote and empathise with hundreds upon thousands of men and women who become confused and distraught in love and that it takes ‘two to tango’. Troy possesses many of the levels of attraction however due to his nature and mannerisms they hinder him. We are told he is handsome, we discover he is intelligent however uses it to his own advantage, he is also well known and more importantly respected in Weatherbury, he charms women and then he manipulates them once he has won them over emotionally and he will also say one thing and for it to have another meaning this shows he is very conniving. I believe Hardy has incorporated a character like Troy to try and prove than some mistakes are greater than others and in love there is a tendency for it to go wrong more than once and that there, as there are for a attraction, different levels of love and sometimes it can be perceived wrongly. Gabriel Oak, probably the most complex character in the novel when it comes down to love because of his simplistic character in all other aspects of the novel. The name has a biblical reference to God our father’s most trusted angel Gabriel. The angel the Gabriel had the very important to tell the Virgin Mary that she was to bare the Son of God. There is also an association with the natural world with the link with the Oak tree, strong, sturdy and reliable. Oak is a very modest and courageous man at times risking his life to help his sheep and risking his heart to be loved. This in my opinion is Hardy showing that you must risk many things for love to prevail. Oak is the third love of Bathsheba and her final husband. Gabriel’s relationship begins at full pace when in the early chapters of the book when he comes to her with a lamb and a marriage proposal. The lamb is a symbol of new beginnings and such to show the first stages of Oak and Bathsheba’s relationship and eventually the lamb will bloom into a full grown and happy sheep reflecting on the outcome of Oak and Bathsheba’s relationship.

Mandate of Heaven essays

Mandate of Heaven essays The Chinese gavernment revolved around the Mandate of Heaven, which lasted until the early years of the twentieth century. When the government and the environment were in good conndition, it was believed that the present dynasty was favored by god. If the government and environment were doing poorly, it meant that god was not pleased with the present emperor, and he was showing his unapproval by creating disasters such as flooding, droughts, and peasant riots. With these signs, the nobles would overthrow the dynasty causing this rage. The dynastic cycle, as historians call it today, consisted of six basic steps that included the rise and fall of a dynasty. First, the new dynasty would gain power, hurridly restore peace in China, and then step foward to claim the Mandate of Heaven. Next, they would continue to maintain wealth and good citizens, and the citizens would believe that they did have the Mandate of Heaven. In due time, however, the dynasty would weaken, forcing the emporer to raise the taxes. Soon after that, be it coincidence or not, the land would encounter a serious flood, drought, or peasant uprising. The people of China would realize that the present dynasty no longer had the Mandate of Heaven, and they would plan a rebellion. Finally, they would overthrow the dynasty, and sometimes kill the emporer and his family. Following this horrific event, a new family of nobles would come forth claiming the Mandate of Heaven. An example of the dynastic cycle is seen in from the Qin Dynasty, to the Han Dynasty, to the Six Dynasties. The Han Dynasty rose after the rebellions of the Qin. Then Wu Ti, who was emporer at the time, brought new economic policies, built canals, established graineries for surplus grain, increased taxes on merchants, and created government monopolies on salt, copper coins, iron, and liquor. Everything was going well, but good things don't last forever, as you will soon see. ...

The Geographic and Magnetic North Poles

The Geographic and Magnetic North Poles Earth is home to two North Poles, both located in the Arctic region: the geographic North Pole and the magnetic North Pole. Geographic North Pole The northernmost point on the Earths surface is the geographic North Pole, also known as True North. It is located at 90 ° North latitude but it has no specific line of longitude since all lines of longitude converge at the pole. The Earths axis runs through the North and South poles and it is the line around which the Earth rotates. The geographic North Pole is located approximately 450 miles (725 km) north of Greenland, in the middle of the Arctic Ocean: the sea there has a depth of 13,410 feet (4087 meters). Most of the time, sea ice covers the North Pole, but recently, water has been sighted around the exact location of the pole. All Points Are South If you are standing at the North Pole, all points are south of you (east and west have no meaning at the North Pole). While the Earths rotation takes place once every 24 hours, the speed of rotation is different based on where one is on the planet. At the Equator, one would travel 1,038 miles per hour; someone at the North Pole, on the other, hand, travels very slowly, barely moving at all. The lines of longitude that establish our time zones are so close at the North Pole that time zones are meaningless; thus, the Arctic region uses UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) when local time is necessary at the North Pole. Due to the tilt of the Earths axis, the North Pole experiences six months of daylight from March 21 through September 21 and six months of darkness from September 21 through March 21. Magnetic North Pole Located about 250 miles south of the geographic North Pole lies the magnetic North Pole at approximately 86.3 ° North and 160 ° West (2015), northwest of Canadas Sverdrup Island. However, this location is not fixed and is moving continually, even on a daily basis. The Earths magnetic North Pole is the focus of the planets magnetic field and is the point that traditional magnetic compasses point toward. Compasses are also subject to  magnetic declination, which is a result of the Earths varied magnetic field. Each year, the  magnetic North Pole  and the magnetic field shift, requiring those using  magnetic compasses  for navigation to be keenly aware of the difference between Magnetic North and True North. The magnetic pole was first determined in 1831, hundreds of miles from its present location.  The Canadian  National Geomagnetic Program  monitors the movement of the magnetic North Pole. The magnetic North Pole moves on a daily basis, too. Every day, theres an elliptical movement of the magnetic pole about 50 miles (80 kilometers) from its average center point. Who Reached the North Pole First? Robert Peary, his partner Matthew Henson, and four Inuit are generally credited with being the first to reach the geographic North Pole on April 9, 1909 (although many suspects  they missed the exact North Pole by a few miles). In 1958, the United States nuclear submarine Nautilus was the first vessel to cross the Geographic North Pole.  Today, dozens of planes fly over the North Pole using great circle routes between continents.

Structure Of The Larynx Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Structure Of The Larynx - Essay Example The cricoid cartilage in turn is the connecting cartilage that attaches the larynx to the trachea or the air passage. The epiglottis on the other hand, is connected to the thyroid cartilage at its notch. Because of its leaf like shape and position, it "helps to direct food and liquid into the esophagus and to protect the vocal cords and trachea during swallowing" (Milton J. Dance, Jr. Head & Neck Rehabilitation Center, 1999). The skeletal frame of the larynx is systematically supported by the attaching muscles. According to John Hopkins Medicine (n.d.), "the control over these muscles is provided by two branches of the vagus nerve: the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior laryngeal nerve". These are the extrinsic and intrinsic laryngeal muscles, which are called accordingly because of the position of its attachments. "The extrinsic muscles are described as such because they attach to a site within the larynx and to a site outside of the larynx (such as the hyoid bone jaw, etc.)" (Milton J. Dance, Jr. Head & Neck Rehabilitation Center, 1999). These extrinsic laryngeal muscles are further grouped into the suprahyoid group (above the hyoid bone) and the infrahyoid group (below the hyoid bone).

Amazon.com - Not Your Average Bookstore Case Study - 3

Amazon.com - Not Your Average Bookstore - Case Study Example For example, one can book the latest Harry Potter book on internet and get it immediately as it is released. It has exploited technology to have a definite and advantageous position within the industry Amazon has used disruptive technology to run its business because it helped transform traditional bookstore in physical format to a virtual store where people can access books of their choice without actually holding them physically. The conceptualization of a virtual store is innovative strategy that has changed the very concept of market. Disruptive technology broadly refers to a new concept that disrupts existing market and creates a new one with more value. Amazon has taken business and marketing to a new level where time and space have become irrelevant. Access to goods and products has become easier and selling and buying more convenient, both for buyers and sellers. It is like mobile phones which has redefined communication. Amazon has been constantly innovating to maintain its customers’ loyalty by personalization and customization to their changing preferences. It has been able to create a one stop shopping experience for the customers and also welcomes personal recommendations and reviews. By providing customers with unique experience of book world where customers not only buy what they want, Amazon has also been able to earn customers’ commitment and loyalty by ensuring that their recommendations are incorporated within the broader strategy and goal of the business. For example, it has started Amazon3 on the recommendations of its customers and provides them with virtual space to store the personal data or books. Amazon’s e business model primarily relies on exploiting technology to meet customers’ changing preferences and uses them to constantly evolve. From a mere virtual book store, it has evolved into a comprehensive service center offering people storage in cyber space to

The Statue of Liberty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Statue of Liberty - Essay Example It is believed that this goddess represents freedom and in one hand, bears a torch as well as an ansata tabula (which involves a tablet that evokes law). It is on this tablet that the date illustrating the day of declaration of America’s independence is inscribed (Landau 34). At the feet of the statue lies a piece of a broken chain. The significance of this statue is its iconic representation of freedom in the United States; this is actually actual representation of welcome signal to the immigrants that come from other countries. It is believed that the politician and law professor Laboulaye Édouard declared in 1865 that any statue or monument representing the American freedom would have to be a joint project between the Americana and French people, motivated the sculptor of this statue in his design. The sculpture is said to have wanted to honor the union victories in the United States as well as the success that had been achieved in ending slavery and brutality against that immigrants and non-natives in the United States. The foundation in the making of this statue was supposed to be laid in the Fort Wood, which was an army base that has been disused on Bedloe’s Island, and had been constructed between 1807-1811 (Kent 14). During that time, this station was often used in the recruitment of people to join the civil war. The process of fortifying the structure of the structure was done to represent the shape of star that has seven points. The pedestal and foundation of the statue were aligned in a way that it was to face the southeast direction. In this case, it was meant to greet ships that would be entering into the harbor especially from the Atlantic (Landau 35). The process of making the statue took a long process and much thinking into its design and final shape. It is said that the committee in charge of making the statues commissioned Richard Hunt to oversee and help in the design of the statue’s

State Bank Of India Marketing Essay

State Bank Of India Marketing Essay The banking industry is highly competitive. The financial services industry has beenaround for hundreds of years and just about everyone who needs banking servicesalready has them. Because of this, banks must attempt to lure clients away fromcompetitor banks. They do this by offering lower financing, preferred rates andinvestment services. The banking sector is in a race to see who can offer both the bestand fastest services. 2.Buyer Power: High With the emergence of larger number of players in the Banking Industry, the switchingcost of the buyer has gone done significantly. The bonus is now on the effectiveness and speed with which the services are provided to the customers. Financial institutions byoffering better exchange rates, more services, and exposure to foreign capital markets -work extremely hard to get high-margin corporate clients. Options in the Auto FinanceSector also give the customers more power to decide upon the kind of financing.Introduction of specialized products for Women and Students etc also show that thebuyer power is high in this Industry. 3.Supplier Power: Low The suppliers of capital do not pose a big threat, but the threat of suppliers takingaway the human resource. If a talented individual is working in a smaller regionalbank, there is the chance that person will be enticed away by bigger banks,investment firms, etc. 4.Threat of New Entrants: Low Starting a bank in a country like India is not as easy as any other industry, but if anew bank is started that is mainly targeted on Niche Segments might pose a threat to SBI. The new entrants from a different country are always discouraged to takepart. BCG MATRIX BCG growth share matrix uses relative market shares and annual rate of market growth as criteria to quick investment decision . It can be subdivided into the following 1.CASHCOWHere mature and successful business that generates excess cash with low investment 2.DOGSlow market share generating very low cash 3.QUESTION MARK?low market share in high grow market requiring substantial market 4.STARfast growing industry with high market share which requires investment CUSTOMER VALUES THE VALUE CHAINIt is a tool for identifying the ways to create more customer values through various activity perform to design. MARKETING PLAN: Institution for advanced learning: To provide state of the art training in financial products to middle level and senior level executives. Internal consultant/change agent:To act as a catalyst for change in attitudes and orientation of banking staff and to provide expertise and consultative support. Feedback supplier:Capture and structure feedback from the trainees and the market. Think tank:To provide expert and informed suggestions, model business suggestions, analysis of market development from a bankers perspective. Research and development:To carry out research on contemporary subjects which are relevant to banks medium and short term operational needs and policies. Overlapping staff training centres:Monitoring and validating staff training centres. Strategies employed by State Bank of India To counter the intense competition from private and foreign banks, SBI carried out amajor Organizational restructuring exercise. The key aspects involved: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Redesigning of Branches. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Technological upgradation (Core  Banking System). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Providing alternate channels. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢Ã‚  Focus on a  lean structure.The objective being to increase customer satisfaction convenience, simplifyingprocesses for employees, enhancing SBIs competitiveness in the market and in turn increasing the profitability through higher market share and improved processefficiency. MACRO MICRO ENVIRONMENTS OF SBI: For any decisions there are number of factors which influences the decisions.The factors which influences the decision are also termed as its environment.The environment can be internal,can be controlled by the organisation.Micro specific to industry and is different for different industry and Macro generic in nature and is intented for business environment. Macroenvironment of SBI are:- 1.Demographic 2.Economic 3.Socio-Cultural 4.Natural 5.Technological 6.Political-Legal Micro environment factor closed to business that have a direct impact on its business operation and success.The factors are:- 1.Customers 2.Employees 3.Suppliers 4.Shareholders 5.Media 6.Competitors CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR: Since SBI has a large number of banking outlets all over the nation, its consumers do transactions to a great extent. MARKETING RESEARCH (SALES FORECASTING): As of August 27 2012,the concensus format amongst 48 polled investment analysts covering SBI advises investors to hold their position in the company. The previous consensus forecast advised that SBI would outperform the market. Share Price Forecast-the 45 analysts offering 12 month price target s for SBI have a median target of 2121 with a high estimate of 2881 pts. BASES AND LEVELS OF SEGMENTATION: Segmentation:To identify groups of buyers within a market place,which are distinguished by varying needs and behaviour. BASES: Geographic:eg:Biometric ATM Demographic:eg:Kisan Credit Card Behavioural:eg:Saving Banks Account Psycographic:Credit Card,Platinum Card,Smart Card,Vishwa Yatra LEVELS:Local Marketing:Tailored to the needs and wants of local customer groups. Mass Marketing:Done through Radio,Television and Newspapers. Niche Marketing:Meant for the elite class(Platinum Cards) Segment Marketing:Recognizes that buyers differ in needs,perceptions and buying behaviour. TARGETING DONE BY SBI: Product Specialization:Car/Auto Loans,Consortium Advances Market Specialization:Home Loans Full Market Specialization:Home Loans,Education Loans POSITIONING: Positioning strategies can be conceived developed in avariety of ways.It can be derived from the object attributes,competition,application,the types of consumers involved,or the characteristics of the product class. Strategies based on:- 1.Customer benefits 2.Pricing 3.Applications 4.Product Process 5.Product Class 6.Cultural Symbols 7.Competitors Some of the Positional Strategies taken by SBI are of the following: 1.Launched new products and services to enhance its image as a customer friendly Bank. 2.SBI has also entered into several alliances and tie-ups with automobile insurance,mutual fund,project finance and medical equipment companies. 3.Marketing initiatives to improve its reach,eg:aggressive marketing through print and television media. QUESTIONNAIRE Name ____________________________________ Occupation ________________________________ Contact Detail ______________________________ Age: Less than 21 22-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 60+ 2. Gender: Male Female 3. Marital Status Single Married Others 4. On which bank you depend for your regular transaction? SBI Allahabad Bank PNB Other Bank, please specify (_______________) 5. Are you aware of the products services provided by SBI? Yes No 6. If yes are you aware of the advance products(Loan Segments) of SBI ? Yes No 7. Which bank you prefer for taking loans ? SBI Allahabad Bank PNB Others, specify(____________) 8. If you prefer SBI for taking loan then what inflence you to take loan from SBI ? _____________________________ _____________________________ 9. Which loan product of SBI have you used ? Home Loan Education Loan Car Loan Personal Loan Other Loans, Specify (_____) 10. What do you feel about the services provided by SBI in advance product ? Bad Satisfactory Good Excellent 11. Which features you like most in loan segments of SBI ? Less paper work Attractive Interest Rate Transparency Simple and Fast processing Flexibility to choose an EMI base loan or an overdraft Longer tenure loan for ease of repayment Specially designed product for self employed Any other feature, specify (______) 11. Mention that account type you are having currently ? _________________________________________ 12. How far are you satisfied with the current services of the bank ? Very satisfied Satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied 13. The most frequently used service by you is of ________. Banking Outlets Internal Banking Mobile ATM Others 14. Any suggestion you want to give for the betterment of SBI products ? ________________________ ________________________

Richard Morris Hunt : Administration Building Chicago 1893 :: Architecture History

missing image Richard Morris Hunt: Administration Building, Chicago, 1893 This 11 by 14 inch photogravure of the great Administration Building at the Chicago World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 was taken from a set of 25 drawings of the exposition buildings. It was the main focus of the fair, and one of the masterpieces of its architect, Richard Morris Hunt (1827-1895). With its fine classical detailing and sweeping scale, this large building was integral to the "White City" concept of the fair. To this day it remains one of the most recognizable landmarks associated with the Columbian Exposition . The Administration Building was conceived by a board of architects led by Daniel Burnham as part of the scheme for the Court of Honor, the major public space at the fair. As director of architecture and construction for the entire Columbian Exposition, Burnham was responsible for selecting designers for all the major buildings. After much debate, this group of mostly east coast practitioners decided that all the major buildings were to be cast in a pristine and highly decorative classical style based on the architecture of Antiquity. Burnham assigned the task of designing the most prominent building to arguably the most prominent man of the group, the New York architect Richard Morris Hunt. By the time Hunt was selected to design the Administration Building, he was near the end of his distinguished career. The first American architect to attend the prestigious Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris, Hunt had acquired the status of "dean of American architecture" (Stein 3). His reputation was supported by his large output of fine eclectic buildings such as the Breakers in Newport (1892-95) and Biltmore House in Asheville, North Carolina (1888-95), both estates for the wealthy Vanderbilt family. These two stylistically different buildings exhibit the quality of Hunt's architecture known as the "grand manner," where he achieved monumentality by combining different sources of classical architecture. This quality was what attracted the fair organizers, and it would be carried to its furthest expression in the Administration Building. As the focal point of the fair, the Administration Building had an important symbolic function. Although not intended for anything related to the fair other than housing offices, the picture shows that it was much larger than necessary for administration purposes. Its great size related to its function as triumphal gateway into the fair. The large majority of visitors arrived by train at the station located directly behind the Administration Building.