PSTD And The Effects It Causes Free Essays

The mental injuries of war present a circumstance where people are frequently emulates overlooked, unaddressed, and underrepresented-particularly the individuals who are experiencing the postgraduates pressure disorder, they are additionally battling with the change back to ordinary life and work. Writing Review: EST. Characterized. We will compose a custom paper test on PSTD And The Effects It Causes or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Analyzing the effect of military injury on a veteran’s life stays in a baby stage as for realizing all that must gathered (Stutter, 1995). Responsibility, manageability, and treatment are a long way from being finished. Not exclusively do demonstrative and treatment standards should be made accessible to those veterans who experience the ill effects of PITS, however an emotionally supportive network must be distinguished and organized to also. Loved ones need to discover that they should be proactive in their comprehension and backing of the military veteran who have been determined to have PITS issue. Despite the way that individuals who have been in military battle and experience the ill effects of PITS, there has been accounted for an immediate connection between the confusion and negative physical wellbeing too, for example, vague EACH variations from the norm and hypothetically surrenders and infarction’s. Jackson’s, 2004). In spite of the fact that not widely investigated there are signs that PITS is identified with some gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal dysfunctions too. Be that as it may, the mental components coming about because of PITS has been investigated all the more w idely and a few medicines modalities have been utilized. These treatment strategies incorporate, however not constrained to, psychological social treatment, psychodrama treatment, bunch treatment, spectrographically treatment, just as a few trial approaches using status and Asian methodologies. Dietrich, et al, 2000). Notwithstanding the treatment program utilized to treat individuals with PITS all must think of the defensive elements encompassing the veteran, specifically, the individual his or herself, the family, and companions or friends. As expressed in Chapter 1 of Comers book entitled Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology (2005), the street to better psychological well-being for people experiencing any strange issue rests with the network based intercessions and transient treatment. As for the PITS veteran what is in question is to expand confidence, self-adequacy and those abilities expected to adapt to pressure achieved by PITS by means of helpful mediation that is network related (backing) and transient objective arranged. The treatments for the most part utilized, as indicated by Comer (Chapter 5) are typically multi-modular to incorporate a mix of prescription, psychotherapy, ND intellectual conduct mediation. As said before some Asian and tactile engine treatments are utilized too. So as to achieve this objective the individual must endeavor to restore obligations of trust with relatives, increment correspondence capacities, and start to reinforce attaches with companions and companions in genius social exercises and those including the re-foundation trust and closeness. Without a lot of consideration given to these defensive highlights the hazard factors for proceeded or fortifying of EST. is significantly expanded. Those hazard factors incorporate, however are not restricted to, proceeded with inordinate and reasonable feelings of dread, social nonintervention, family struggle, abstaining from adapting style, and relational disagreement. Regardless of whether an untreated pressure issue can and will prompt an all the more weakening issue, for example, schizophrenia (Chapter 12) has not been explored to the point wherein positive ends can be drawn. As such those people who have been analyzed as PITS patients, yet not rewarded, regarding military battle administration should be rethought to decide the chance of having a substantially more genuine issue. As PITS is a generally new indicative class for the American Psychiatric Association, and for every one of those included the determination and treatment of the confusion, significantly increasingly insightful exploration must be directed to decide its drawn out impacts on the person, on society, and even on the nation political and monetary equalization. What is the disturbing certainty that knowing EST. does in fact exist the examination chronicles are drained of refered to programs used to forestall PITS in military, or some other high hazard occupation. It is one thing to analyze and treat a turmoil, one more to introduce deterrent measures to manage circumstances that can prompt PITS. In version, a writing survey neglected to find any steady materials regarding how the legislature will manage those returned military help individuals who will surrender, automatically to PITS. What is frantically required is a when military help program that centers around procedures to help military staff to acclimate to another condition (I. E. Battle) just as to re-conform to a getting back condition. Such projects would have the core of their endeavors facilitative and proactive methodologies that help the individual with a scope of individual and relationship issues. What's more for those military reaction re-situating to outside bases ought to be associated with multicultural expert workshops and socially touchy guardians should contact these workshops and protection treatment programs. This is particularly valid for those individuals who are currently serving in Iraq and other battle dynamic locales. From association in Vietnam about 30 years prior our general public has missed the mark in supporting the individuals who chance their lives for our nation’s prosperity. Endeavoring to reveal insight into a confusion that has political, mental, and sociological parts isn't a simple undertaking. Disconnecting every zone is strenuous hen endeavoring to take a gander at just one Of the previously mentioned factors regarding PITS in veterans-male and female the same. There is even exploration to recommend that PITS is an undeniable veteran issue, all endeavors ought to guarantee to treat the individuals who have served their nation as well as plan and actualize key activities on a protection premise. For those people serving in Iraq the requirement for psychological well-being support before entering the battle theater and keeping in mind that in battle is a move we can't manage the cost of not to take. A war that has touted to be over in a couple of months has now delayed for in general years and more. Therefore the social affectability activities when entering a remote nation should some way or another be coordinated into the war theater on a preemptive move. As such, plan now or pay later. These EST. veterans additionally need to figure out how to live back in the public arena and handle work everyday. With just about portion of veterans experiencing PITS looking for treatment (Tangential Jaycee, n. D. ), progressing back to regular day to day existence can be hard for returning troopers in an assortment of ways, including the workforce. There are a large number of conditions that can emerge from PITS that make rotational business increasingly hard for a veteran experiencing PITS. Analysts name a portion of the issues as memory misfortune, absence of fixation, stress (which can fuse or be discrete from alarm assaults, flashbacks and passionate limits), and failure to function admirably with administrators or collaborators, and affectability to sounds and lights that can bring about physical misery, for example, cerebral pains (Babble 2012). These current difficulties for businesses, yet can be overseen as veterans hope to conform to a progressively conventional non military personnel life and work on dealing with their PITS indications with treatment. Memory misfortune is one of the fundamental impacts related with PITS. Maybe one of the key issues with this as it identifies with conventional business is that PITS doesn't just effect long haul memory, yet can affect a patient’s everyday life. Scientists have discovered that memory loss’ â€Å"effects on day by day working and treatment are of essential concern†¦ And decrease the assets accessible to PITS patients when adapting to life’s demands† (Samuelsson, 2011, p. 351 ). This can affect workers from the second they are recruited all through the span of their business. Veterans experiencing PITS may battle with preparing, as numbering what they have recently realized may demonstrate troublesome, and may likewise experience difficulty in gatherings, recalling undertakings and assignments, and how to utilize gear they are new to. There are recommendations for managers on the best way to make such complexities simpler on the laborers, including planning for all the more preparing, composing minutes from or copying gatherings, posting composed headings for muddled hardware and furnishing the representative with an errand list that can be verified. Much like memory misfortune, an absence of fixation can be amazingly trying for both a business and the specialist. An investigation out of Yale University discovered individuals who cradle from PITS will in general overlook directions significantly in the wake of hearing them on various occasions, and normally are neglectful about where they have set their assets (Brenner, 2000). This can meddle with work environment undertakings, particularly in occupied workplaces with expected interruptions. To help battle the impacts of absence of focus for veterans with PITS, America’s Heroes at Work, a division of the U. S. Division of Labor, recommends bosses should plan to diminish the same number of potential interruptions close to the worker, by permitting sound machines or music, changing the lighting or making a private workspace to keep the person on task. While memory misfortune and absence of focus are moderately comparative as far as their impacts on veterans with PITS, there are a few different side effects that might be increasingly hard to help oversee as a business. Patients will in general experience the ill effects of worry because of p T SD, which can incorporate flashbacks to the awful accident or occasions that set off the confusion. Scientists contend that six main considerations can enable veterans to survive, or at the ve

Love Essay Research Paper Love is a free essay sample

Love Essay, Research Paper Love is a religious ideals that empowers us to create caring associations with God and others. With affection comes sexual orientation, which is the status of holding a sex and partner to others as a result of that sex. Love and sexual orientation as often as possible go manus and manus however when individuals manage these variables there are rules with the goal that individuals do non abuse two phenomenal blessings that God has given us. To populate a modest life is non ever basic and simple. There are social difficulties that influence us and do it difficult for us to do the correct conclusions. These difficulties test us and can do us more grounded individuals. To start with, sex, which is the most cozy act between a grown-up male and a grown-up female in marriage, is now and then utilized as a way to acquire cash and force. Now and again individuals # 8217 ; s lives become like dramas in view of their avarice and the low regard they have for encouraging affection. We will compose a custom exposition test on Love Essay Research Paper Love is a or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Moreover, sex is as often as possible the snare or catch for an advertizement. It sells smell, furniture, automobiles, gum, clothes, supplement, and whatever else possible. It turns into the ground to see a film or humorist. Second, in our human advancement love is utilized to delineate an inclination for some things. This makes it hard for a person to be sure that they genuinely love an individual, or that the other individual really adores them. What's more, in the long run, in our human progress turning up as a kid the Catholic confidence, the names of sex being dirty or unfair as often as possible paint the mistaken picture of a completely ordinary ; adumbrate act that God Himself made. At that point, an individual considers the to be of chastity as only another guideline to slow down. Another defiant demonstration has no centrality dependent on the main inclination they were given about sex. Society is another deterrent to show signs of improvement of when an individual is trying to populate a modest life. To begin with, for individuals of any age peer power per unit region is a power to think with. The power per unit zone on every one of us to adjust to the measures of others can be extraordinary. The purpose of equivalent power per unit region is to do an individual vibe that they are non acknowledged except if they do what others are making. With regards to holding, sex support and driving from outsiders make things harder. Second, society gives us a spread to screen ourselves with, which sounds great however is really an equivocation. It is the lie of independence. The individual SA Y they are making what they are making non due to individual else but since they need to make it. However, individuals state this so every now and again that it is really a whipping kid for conformance. What's more, third, the recognizable expression â€Å"everybody’s making it † is another vindication, all things considered, in world, non everybody is making it in the primary topographic point and that’s them, and non you. Christian love incorporates three characteristics ; one of them is obligation. Obligation implies having the option to answer for one # 8217 ; s conduct and obligations and having the option to take for oneself among right and off base. As Christians, we accept that we are # 8220 ; sanctuaries of the Holy Spirit # 8221 ; and as a result of that benefit, we have an obligation to deal with ourselves as well as other people non as items however as people, God # 8217 ; s human presences. Another quality in Christian love is regard. Regard is a demonstration of giving unconventional joining in or thought to a person. All individuals merit respect. An individual # 8217 ; s companion especially has the right to be held in high regard. In Jesus # 8217 ; picture, we are called to regard others and ourselves, which is something that precedes truly cherishing individual. At the point when you love individual, you regard their goals, convictions, and needs. A closing quality in an adoration that is modest is poise. Discipline is limitation practiced more than one # 8217 ; s ain urges, feelings, or wants. Since we are disciples of Jesus, the correct thing to make is to be respectful to Him. What's more, to try to move dependent on the benefit of all of others and ourselves. My character is best improved by develop and capable connections by seting out endeavor. It includes a deep rooted way of partner to other people. In addition, there are wagess to populating a pure life, for example, a feeling of genuine opportunity and felicity since I am partner legitimately to other people. My character is brought out through significant neighborly connections, being an informed individual, and by being individual that individuals can regard for keeping my territory on something that is of import to me. In choice, by holding right associations with God and others we can remain constant harmony. Genuine harmony accompanies keeping a solid parity. A sentiment of good being and satisfaction alongside extraordinary felicity can be accomplished while striving refusal, respect, and obligation.

The Old Man and the Sea Tragedy Essay Example For Students

The Old Man and the Sea Tragedy Essay Catastrophe is characterized as a sensational or chivalrous or abstract work delineating a hero occupied with an orally noteworthy battle finishing off with ruin of significant frustration. Hemingways, the Old Man and the Sea is no uncertainty a terrible novel. The story begins with the storyteller clarifying how Santiago, the elderly person, had gone 84 days without getting a fish, causing the peruser to feel sorry for Santiago directly off the beginning. The kid is a partner of Santiago whos been angling with him, similar to an aide, yet at the same time accepts the elderly person is an extraordinary angler. The young men guardians call the elderly person Salao, which is the most exceedingly awful type of unfortunate, and the kid submitting to his folks went with another pontoon, which got three fish in multi week. It made the kid miserable to see the elderly person with no fish, so the kid, Manolin, helped Santiago each time he went out to get fish. So the peruser gets a decent perspective on the old keeps an eye on circumstance from nearly the earliest reference point of the book. We will compose a custom article on The Old Man and the Sea Tragedy explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Santiago has a solid will and won't surrender regardless. He vows to the kid, and himself that he will get the greatest fish ever, on the 85th day since he last got a fish. Santiago gets all readied with store, curls, a blade, and other rigging to get his fish. A statement from Clinton S. Burhans Jr. wrote in a paper that Santiago speaks to a respectable and terrible independence uncovering what man can do in a detached universe which routs him, and the adoration he can feel for such a universe and his mankind before it. (Cook, Ernest Hemingway) This statement is extremely valid for Santiago, in demonstrating that on the off chance that he didnt get a fish, or something awful occurred on the 85th day that Santiago would be demolished. At the point when Santiago got his first nibble he had no clue about what he was in for. The elderly person had three different lines out in the water without a moment's delay, all at various profundities to cover all parts of the ocean. On the line most profound in the ocean a fish begins to nibble and Santiago resists the urge to panic, trusts that the fish will rush for it. Eat it somewhat more. Eat it with the goal that the purpose of the guide goes into your heart and slaughters you.(p44) This was a statement indicating Santiago and the manner in which he was conversing with the fish, in light of the fact that there was nobody else to converse with. At the point when the fish at long last eats the snare the elderly person battles, he can tell its an enormous fish when he understands he isnt increasing any line. At long last, after his immense battle with the sharks they at long last swallow the last piece of meat from his marlin. The Old Man and the Sea isnt delegated a catastrophe, yet in certain perspectives can be. Where the hero, Santiago, goes on a mission that closes in incredible disillusionment, where the sharks eat his marlin, which was his journey.

Learning at College Essay

Learning at College Essay Learning at College Essay Learning at school College should be a position of information, where understudies and educators the same partake in the movement of sustaining splendid personalities. I accept that school is a period for learning †however not just about scholastics. As I would like to think, it is a period for finding out about one’s own self. Self-improvement and advancement are key segments of the school years and a chance to learn at a top school would offer unlimited prospects toward achieving those finishes. As a general public, we place a lot of significance on instruction, when contrasted with genuine learning and achievement. Is school for everybody? As a general public, the appropriate response is indeed, as long as you can discover some approach to bear the cost of it. Yet, what occurs at school? Understudies are instructed in numerous territories, however what amount do they realize? With each asset conceivable gave to understudies like expendable cutlery, one would expect the following Mark Zuckerburg to move on from exceptionally prestigious universities like U of I among the following clump. My contention is whether understudies at universities really realize what they’re instructed or on the off chance that they simply glide in the outlook of accomplishing passing marks and afterward going after a position directly after. Understudies graduate with legitimate degrees however would they say they are truly happy with the sum they learn? Are managers happy with the understudies being employed? I will probably propose an overview to normal UIUC understudies and record their reaction. When that is done I’ll be contrasting the insights with further reinforce or debate my contention. The inquiries remembered for the overview were 1-The scope of a student’s current combined GPA, 2-How fulfilled they were with that GPA, 3-How sure they were that their GPA would improve, 4-How fulfilled they were with the amount they gain from a specific course, and 5-If they were given an occupation today how well would they perform. The study reactions classified most understudies to be among the 2.5-3 GPA go and a not all that amazing fulfillment size of 7-9 out of 10. This establishes understudies are accomplishing a marginal normal evaluation and thus they remain fulfilled on the grounds that it’s all they’re focusing on. Since they aren’t waiting on the post trial process they feel certain about their scholastic ability and think they’re in the green. When asked how sure they were that they’ll have the option to improve their GPA, an incredible dominant part replied from 6-9 out of 10. It is obviously noticeable that understudies accept they can perform better than they as of now are on the grounds that they aren’t placing in their 100% for example totally â€Å"learning† what they’re educated. Understudies accept they can improve and pull their GPA up however in all actuality once an understudy experiences a lion's share of their school credit, let’s state 60 hours then it’s practically outlandish for an understudy that has a GPA like 3.0 to go up to a 3.5 or so without accomplishing 4.0 or practically 4.0 each residual semester in his/her school life. In a world as serious as our own a negligible 3.0 isn't probably going to get an occupation anyplace. The following inquiry in the overview was going to either be my shelter or bane. Understudies when asked how fulfilled they were with the sum they gain from a specific course, a greater part again answered as being averagely fulfilled. Individuals addressed the as near 5 as conceivable since they weren’t totally secure with what to compose. They don’t realize the amount they learn, on the off chance that they don’t learn. This announcement is fortified by the following inquiry in the overview; Students were gotten some information about their exhibition, if they somehow managed to begin working today. A great many people were either deficient with regards to certainty or not sure by any stretch of the imagination. This shows while adapting evidently happens constantly we’re just instructed how to get passing marks. A professional education is exaggerated, best case scenario. Most evident discovering that takes place at school is on the understudies' own time. While a few teachers may offer inquiry and answer times, most talk during class and anticipate that the understudies should deal with their incomprehension by methods for

Parallel imports are good for welfare, not bad for welfare Essay

Equal imports are useful for government assistance, not terrible for government assistance - Essay Example In the United States yearly retail deals of the unapproved imports, or dim market merchandise, may have drawn nearer $10 billion during the 1980s. Governments around the globe have battled with the inquiry whether the select wholesaler should have the option to square such resemble importation. (Takamatsu 57) The unapproved shippers have kept up that in light of the fact that their action empowers value rivalry and advantages the shopper, it ought to be openly allowed. Permitting outside producers to set up elite distributorships and forestall all intrabrand rivalry, they call attention to, would be conflicting with the standards of free endeavor in a market economy and would be conflicting with the premiums of purchasers. As one dim market retailer brought up: Because of this importation of product at lower costs, we sell at lower costs. The value differential to the buyer is somewhere in the range of 10 and 40 percent with a normal of most likely 20 to 25 percent. This investment funds to the buyer likewise happens on stock bought from remote brand merchants in light of the fact that the majority of the auxiliaries of outside makers have been compelled to bring down their U.S. ... The approved merchants react that independent of any advantage to the purchaser, equal importation unjustifiably harms ventures which have made noteworthy consumptions in producing generosity, just to have the resultant returns redirected to other people. The U.S. wholesalers may, for instance, have gone through huge aggregates of cash planning to acquaint another item with the North American market, and gone to extraordinary exertion and cost to develop customer mindfulness, just as to create compelling dispersion channels. In 1983 the dark market hit us with full power as up to 30% of our deals were lost to the diverters. We encountered two cutbacks and our publicizing and advancement endeavors were seriously diminished. . . . The effect of the dark market enormously affected our main concern as we endured a disastrous misfortune. What's more, even settled global brand names require cautious consideration regarding neighborhood administrative gauges, customer tastes, pay levels, language, and a large group of different elements. Commonly it is the U.S. merchant's obligation to screen and react to these factors, to protect and improve an item's picture in the open psyche. Equal shippers' free ride on the altruism created by such exercises ought to be restricted, the wholesalers keep up. Yet, the equal merchants contend that the generosity on which they exchange customarily has a place with the maker, not the wholesaler. The run of the mill purchaser chooses to purchase a Nikon camera, for instance, not due to the notoriety of the Nikon wholesaler, but since the client perceives the producer's name as meaning a specific standard of value. What's more, dim market deals, the shippers encourage, can't comprise free riding on this altruism of the remote maker, since the items

How do you know when youve chosen the right major

How do you know when you’ve chosen the right major Sometimes I get so engaged by a project that I forget to eat. Yesterday, I woke up at 7:35am.  Starving, I got a sandwich to-go at the Student Center and then trudged off to the basement of Building 35. Along with my friend Sally M. 16, I spent the next few hours CNC machining two rectangular aluminum blanks into a pair of finely detailed molds and then finetuning injection molding parameters to create some beautiful clear yoyo bodies. My sandwich lay forgotten until well past noon. How do you know if youve chosen a major that fits you?  Fit is  a fuzzy concept, hard to quantify or plot. But this is what it means to me: Fit is having at least one class per year that I really, really, really look forward to. A class that I wake up thinking about and work late into the night for, not because its required but simply because its so interesting. Fit is finding people who share my passion for design who see it as so much more than just an aesthetic wrapper, but rather as the core of a product that is expressed on many levels. Fit is seeing the things I love learning about in my spare time appear in class. Its seeing my favorite manufacturing videos shown in lecture. Its learning the details of fin theory in thermodynamics and spending two hours after class poring over the Mac Pros thermal core design with new eyes. I declared Course 2 (Mechanical Engineering) a year and a half ago.  The most valuable lesson Ive learned in these 18 months cant be described with equations or Greek letters. Its this: Failure sucks, but instructs. I firmly believe that the best way to learn is to push yourself so fast that you faceplant, and then to pick yourself up again. The numerous MechE project classes Ive taken have been invaluable for this. Theyve given me the confidence to push my limits and not be afraid of failure. Theyve turned me from a high school student into a fledgling engineer/designer, simultaneously confident about my abilities and also constantly hungry to learn more. Confident enough, as it happens, to break away from MIT to take next semester off and accept a 6-month position in Apples iPhone Product Design team. Life can be much broader once you discover one simple fact: Everything around you that you call life was made up by people that were no smarter than you. You can change it, you can influence it, you can build your own things that other people can use. steve jobs I worry sometimes about the freshmen here, especially when I see them struggling early in the semester.  I worry because freshman year was by far my toughest year at MIT not because the classes were harder, but because I didnt feel invested in my classes. Finding the right fit can be a circuitous path, full of dead ends and winding forks. But when you find it, things seem to just fall in line.

International Business Environment Evaluation Coca Cola - 3025 Words

International Business Environment Evaluation: Coca Cola (Essay Sample) Content: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT EVALUATION: COCA COLAName of StudentInstitution affiliation Political and cultural future challenges of coca cola company.Coca-Cola is a global company that deals with the production of beverages. These beverages are products of industrial processes that may include undesirable byproducts or contaminants (Wahlen , 2014). Like other companies in any nation, coca cola does not operate without legal intervention. These are some of the future challenges that await this company. Coca-cola can get a challenge through government regulations aiming at water rationing. Because coca cola products are mainly solutions, water is essential(Kachru, 2005). Government measures to suspend coca cola operations for the reason of water shortage can be a threat to this business. Also, a government may ban some coca cola products because of the beverage contents which do not seem healthy for its citizens (Greenwald, 2007). Peace deterioration between coun tries can affect transportation of beverages from one country to another. This is a major challenge especially in countries which get into war frequently. The market that coca cola could have utilized is at risk for the reason of political instability (Khanna, 2010). Most of the international conflicts are brought about by politicians whose intentions are to climb the ladders of power without minding safety and rights of citizens. This hinders the market not only for coca cola but also that of other companies (Gillespie, 2015). Coca-Cola company at times may be forced to devise strategies to counteract cultural beliefs which can protect against their products. Methods of promoting the company's products to overcome such beliefs must be carried out with a lot of care. Such cultural teachings include religious bodies which are against the consumption of coke drinks (Montgomery, 1996). As much as their claims can be invalid, the company should be prepared for this challenge and find ou t ways of disapproving them or better their marketing strategies for the other cultures though the claim remains. Some cultures also claim water abuse of coca cola, and if they are unsolved then this remains unsettled challenge to the firm. According to such cultures, water should not be used for any reason other than domestic duties (Ireland, 2012).Economic future challenges of coca cola company. Coca-Cola is a for-profit company, and so its financial operations are of the essence. As political regulations of this company are carried on, banning of its operations due to an inadequacy of water affects its finances. The case similar to what happened in India may repeat itself because human population keeps increasing especially those in developing countries. Human activities like industrialization keep affecting natural resources every time (Stimpsom, 2015). The cost of purifying water because of pollution before using it to make their drinks is going to rise. Measures to tackle suc h a challenge have to be put in place early enough. Alleged toxins contained in coca cola products like pesticide residues, malathion, and lindane, are carcinogens (substances which are potential to cause cancer) and are also causes of immune system failure (Majaro, 2013). Such contents blackmail the company's name whether it's true or just false allegations. When this happens, the company's market goes down affecting its sales. Competitors take advantage of this blackmail and capitalize on their services to create their unique products (Paul,2012). There is a continued campaign in teaching people about healthy drinks. There is a challenge in future if coca cola does not come up with more healthy drinks which contain a range of nutrients. If this does not happen, the future economic status of coca cola will tragically decline (Bothma, 2011).Regulatory bodies will be keen checking on standards of consumer products especially now and in future considering the fact that human activitie s cause pollution frequently. Economic status of coca cola stands at a blink if all these considerations are not taken care of to improve the company's income ant maintain it (Porter,2001).Technological future challenges of the coca cola beverage company. Alleged environmental damage cause by improper technological equipment and procedures are potential future challenges in this aspect. Inadequate advertisements of respective products can market the company to increase sales and maintain its income (Nisbet,2001). For now, coca cola is among the best companies when it comes to advertisements. Bearing in mind the emerging of other potential competitors producing similar products, what will maintain the market of coca cola is the ability to maintain the flow of information in public about a product through advertisements. Different technological devises that can help in advertisements will be of great help (Harmon,2005). The introduction of plastic packaging bottles made the work eas ier for coca cola. The only limitation to this is environmental pollution which the company has not laid measures to avoid it. Plastic bottles are easy to purchase and makes the buying of drinks efficient since customers do not need to bring glass bottles to retailers or suppliers to exchange for any sodas bought. But this technology has its limitation because some countries are discouraging use of plastic packages (Isdell,2012). Plastic packages pollute the environment by emitting dangerous gasses which contribute to global warming. Global warming is a potential subject of concern in many countries because it causes a lot of environmental hazards no one would like to face. Coca-Cola should come up with ways of either strictly going back use of glass bottles only to evade this challenge in future. Another way this company should maintain the plastic bottles is to repurchase them from its customers especially consumers for recycling purposes. This will help solve the problem of pollu tion and secure themselves from regulatory authorities in future (Clay,2005). Another challenge that awaits coca cola is the ability to keep the production of new brands. As much as technology allows them to do this, customers may prefer to keep previous brands. Therefore, coca cola needs to keep the supply of old brands as they make new brands familiar to its potential customers (Hemson,2008). Technology these days has introduced customers to online markets. Examples of online markets include olx and Jumia markets. The advantage of online markets brings customers closer to sellers which lead to delivery of products to door steps. Coca-Cola must own this challenge to get into the market in future and even design its market to be unique from its competitors. In addition to this technology in other companies has led to the use of machines in almost every activity in industries (Davies,2006). This reduces employment opportunities preferably casual laborers. The kin whose members lose e mployment from given companies for the reason of embracing machinery technology will lose loyalty to coca cola. Coca-Cola must put this under check in the future to balance between its customers and effects of technology (Grech, 2015).Competitive future challenges of coca cola. Prices for coca cola products are comparatively cheaper now. Emerging companies that offer the same products are on the rise. Coca-Cola will be challenged ton maintain their product prices or keep reducing their prices as competitors introduce cheaper commodities into the market. It is a great challenge to do this and maintain the economic status of the company (Cavusgil, 2013). At the same time, customers prefer cheaper commodities over expensive ones. If products from Pepsi are cheaper than a similar product from coca cola then a customer will shift their loyalty to Pepsi challenging coca cola to review their prices (Carter, 2013). Banning of coca cola products by regulatory authorities jeopardizes the comp any's operations. This will give competitors a wonderful opportunity to familiarize their products to customers without much competition. This will have to shift loyal customers from coca cola to its competitors. Therefore, Coca-Cola must review the allegations of their products containing harmful contents and keep themselves safe from regulatory authorities' requirements. This will keep their competitors out of an undeserved competition (Kaynark, 2012).Youths prefer energy drinks and those rich in stimulants. Coca-Cola will be challenged if it does not maintain the production of such drinks in large quantities to meet the youths' demands. If competitors meet these demands before coca cola does then they will take advantage over coca cola in the market coverage.Physical and demographic future challenges of coca cola. Water shortage is a natural situation that man does not have control over. Coca cola has to be prepared for a water challenge because human population keeps increasing with increasing activities in the world. Some of these activities are so dangerous because of the effect they bring to our environment. An example is a deforestation that affects water cycle promoting drought situations. This natural situation is a big threat to industries of coca cola. Preparedness is a necessity to this predictable situation (Weir, 2016). Demographic Future challenges include the predictable consumption pattern among people of all ages. The aging people do not have the energy required to travel to the distribution areas to get the drinks of their choice. It is either coca cola will have to be supplying their products to the aging people to keep their sales at a good level. Without this then it will be challenging to maintain their sales. Teenagers always keep demanding for energy drinks as mention earlier because their bodies are biologically active. Coca-Cola must take the challenge of keeping their dietary ...

Group Case Study - Organisation Behaviour - 1419 Words

Question 1 Introduction The information gathered from the grapevine had shown unhappiness and high stress level of the employees since Bjork started working in the company. Ever since Bjork joined the work force, she gave a rather bad impression towards the employees who had witnessed Bjorks ill-mannered behaviour towards Wong. When she was promoted to the supervisor position to replace Wong for his retirement, her irrational attitude towards the employees had gradually turned the company from a peaceful and team-oriented workplace, to a stressful and uncomfortable working environment. Question 1(i) Hierarchy of needs There are two types of theories of motivation Ââ€" Early and Contemporary Theories of Motivation. Abraham Maslows†¦show more content†¦This can actually reduces the anxiety of the employees by giving them information in advanced which can be crucial to them. Higher management can also learn what employees social needs and their feelings informally in order to manage or solve if there is any misunderstanding encountered among a group. And in times, grapevine can also get information externally to which can indirectly benefit the company. Question 1(iii) In the case, Wong did not inform Bjork about his retirement. And when Beethoven Huang announced Bjorks promotion, Wong merely gave a stifled congratulatory comment and left the room, which was out of Bjorks expectation. These already showed some unhappiness from Wong. Shortly after that, Wong reported sick and did not come back to work for many days which was unusual as it was not his style to take long period off. However, Beethoven Huang found that Wong was in good condition when he paid a visit to him. Hence, it was apparent that Wong purposely absented himself from work even when the company needed him. Conclusion In conclusion, it showed how a supervisor without people skills can affect the mood, morale and motivation of the employees, which will eventually have bad effects on the company. However, with the implementation of feedback system, it helped the management to gain some positive comments which can enhance on the relationship and environment moreShow MoreRelatedGroup Case Study - Organisation Behaviour1426 Words   |  6 Pagesgrapevine had shown unhappiness and high stress level of the employees since Bjork started working in the company. Ever since Bjork joined the work force, she gave a rather bad impression towards the employees who had witnessed Bjorks ill-mannered behaviour towards Wong. When she was promoted to the supervisor position to replace Wong for his retirement, her irrational attitude towards the employees had gradually turned the company from a peaceful and team-oriented workplace, to a stressful and uncomfortableRead MoreWhat a Star-What a Jerk1183 Words   |  5 PagesSubmitted By: Group No: 3 Sec: B Group Members: 2012066: Ankit Jhunjhunwala 2012071: Anshul Chaudhary 2012077: Ashish Dhar 2012083: Avisha Shukla 2012090: Anubha Bhatnagar 2012108: Dhilon Priyadarshi Dash Submitted To: Dr. Saleena Khan Introduction ‘What a star, What a Jerk’ is a Harvard Business review case study which deals with the basic human attributes of attitude and behaviour and the closely intertwined connection among the two. The case tries to highlightRead MoreEssay on Factors for Effective Teamwork1415 Words   |  6 Pagesinterrelated. These theories define the actual optimisation in organisation. The leadership orientation also changes due to these factors. Financial uplift is an optimal outcome of these motivational factors (Fisher, 2005). Reward, gratitude and punishment system is a good technique to judge employees (Smith and Rupp, 2003) and work strategy model oblige employees to their best performance. Involvement of motivational theories in organisation reduces complexity and encourages employees to be self-persuasiveRead MoreThe Dark Side Of An Organization1730 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagers and employees? Providing examples of harmful behaviours, analyse the reasons for employees behaving in ways harmful to themselves, others and their organisations. Develop recommendations and/or solutions for the modern-day managers in how to handle and/or avoid „the dark side‟ of organisations. Understanding the dark side is crucial for both managers and employees because it makes the difference between success and demise of an organisation. The managerial and non-managerial employee relationshipRead MoreCritically Analyzing the Main Issues in the Case Study Using Relevant Theories Related to Organization and Management1306 Words   |  6 PagesMain Issues in the Case Study Using Relevant Theories Related to Organization and Management This case study deals with the Oticon’s organizational change, a Danish firm specialised in hearing aids. Due to an instable environment, the firm has transformed the organisation of the structure in order to be competitive in an international market and consequently it has changed the work, the hierarchy, the organisational culture and patterns. The case study shows us with the Read MoreEvaluate the Contribution of the Hawthorne Studies to the Development of Management Theory and Practice.1720 Words   |  7 PagesHawthorne Studies have been subjected to many criticisms. Yet, the evolvement of many of the management theories today would not have come about without the experiments done by Elton Mayo. This essay will cover the various aspects of management that has been refined through the findings of the tests conducted and how improvements were made to aid in the development of organisational behaviour. It will also discuss the various studies and will show how these theories implement Hawthorne studies as theRead MoreImpact of Cultural Differences, Internal and Environmental Factors at Airbus1619 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Employees are affected by a number of internal and external forces that when combined produce given behaviours and attitudes. In this paper, I will consider the key factors affecting individual and groups’ behaviour and their corresponding relationship to the personal and organisational performance. The scenario, Airbus’ manufacturing plant in Toulouse, is dominated by tensions amongst groups of workers with different cultural background. The impact of those cultural challenges, the pressuresRead MorePeople and Organisations1249 Words   |  5 PagesUNIVERSITY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT PEOPLE amp; ORGANISATIONS AMAZING WORLD OF FUN (Word Count 1124) Student Number: Version 1.1 May 2011 Table of Contents Contents 1 Introduction 2 The Current Problems Facing AWF 3 Analysis of Motivational Differences within the Organisation 4 Discussing Different Motivational Theories amp; How they affect the groups within AWF 5 Future Motivational Strategies 6 Conclusion 7 Bibliography/esources 8 AppendicesRead MoreThe First Wave Of Terrorism1740 Words   |  7 Pagesa widespread scholarly debate on the concept of â€Å"new† and ‘old’ terrorism, where ‘new’ terrorism phenomenon is predominately linked with ‘religious’ terrorism. David Rapoport, also known as one of the most well known founding figures of terrorism studies, joined UCLA in 1962 as a political theorist and later he became a founder and editor of Terrorism and Political Violence (UCLA). The idea of religious terrorism coincides with Rapoport’s (2004) theory on the waves of modern terrorism, especiallyRead MoreMotivation Theory And Expectancy Theory Of Motivation1742 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Now days, lots of organisations are facing the problems which is mainly related to employee’s behaviour and actions. As per this case study, The Sunday Times obtained questionaries for who had already departing from the Western Australian (WA) Police force. According to survey officers of WA force who left the force they had some issues like bullying, corruption, illegal activities, discrimination on racist grounds, and they didn’t get proper training and development at a work place

What is Community Organizing

Question: What is Community Organizing? Answer: Community organizing is a process by which a group of people organizes and takes measures to influence the policies or culture surrounding them. The term is usually, but not always, used to refer to local community organizing.Examples of community organizers might include: Public school parents who organize to demand a high-quality education for their children.Neighbors who organize to address potholes in the road and other infrastructure issues.Laid-off factory workers who organize to protest the shipping of jobs overseas. The protests against British law that led to the American Revolution.The 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, which is credited to a great extent with passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.The Day Without Immigrants rallies of May 1st, 2006, which contributed to the defeat of the draconian HR 4437 immigration reform proposal.

Erikson’S Theory Of Psychosocial Development Was The First

Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development was the first theory that demonstrated the development from â€Å"womb-to-tomb.† His theory posited three tenets, the first that each era in life had a developmental crisis, and that at each period there was the opportunity for growth and development. Each developmental stage poses a developmental crisis that is central to that age, and as stated in Erikson’s second tenet, if there is an interruption in the development of one of the stages, the stages following will be effected. Though each developmental stage has one fundamental stage that is being worked on, Erikson’s third tenet states that the challenges of all of the other stages are still present; although there is one crisis that is†¦show more content†¦My resolution of this stage was below average, meaning that I am more reliant on others around me than the majority of people my age. This is shown when I do things on my own and seek the reassura nce of others to make sure that I did it correctly. After the development of autonomy vs. shame and doubt, the child moves on to the development of initiative vs. guilt. From ages three to six, the child is building on their development of independence, and begin to develop the ability to start things on their own. This is often the age in which kids begin to want to do things for themselves. At this age, it is important that the kids are encouraged to initiate, plan, devise, and do things for themselves. If a child does not have an adequate development of initiative, they will be afraid to try new things, which, similar to all other developmental stages, will effect the individual later in life. I ranked below average in this category for people my age, showing that I lean more towards guilt than I do towards initiative. This is shown through my seeking out of others when it comes to trying something new; rather than wanting to try something new on my own, I usually seek the comfort of having others with me. Following this stage, the age of five up until about 12 years of age, the child begins the development of industry vs. inferiority. Industry refers to the competence of a child in things that a particular culture values; these competencies canShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory On Child Development1388 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory on Child Development Erik Erikson, a well known developmental theorist, developed his theory about stages of human development from birth to death by using Freud s work as a starting point. According to Erikson, personality develops in a series of stages. Erikson found out that children experience conflicts which affect their development. He described the internal conflict which children go through in developmental stages using the term ‘crisis’ and are based onRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development1359 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieve that everyone will go through stages in their life. Erik Erikson was a famous psychologist in the twentieth – century, where he developed â€Å"Psychosocial stages†. Erikson’s theories centered on issues that were met on specific ages in someone’s life. Love, care, and tender is critical and many parents do not realize how much nurturing and caring for a child is very important. Erik Erikson’s developmental t heory is the development of a person’s identity. Erikson states, â€Å"The conscience sense of selfRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory1518 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT This research paper will show a thorough review of Erik Erikson s Psychosocial Development Theory, specifically the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Psychosocial Development, according to Erik Erikson, is a continuity of crisis throughout our lifespan; these challenges will shape our personality and the way we perceive our surroundings. In addition to this, the different stages mentioned in this Theory complement each other and help us to develop the tools to achieve a sense ofRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Essay1155 Words   |  5 Pagesmany methods for studying human social development. In Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory, social interactions are an important and determining factor of lifespan development. Although Erikson was influenced by many of Sigmund Freud’s studies, his studies were based upon psychosocial development versus psychosexual development. Erikson, like Freud, emphasized the importance of childhood on personality development, but unlike Freud, he believed that development occurred across the entire lifespan. Read MoreEriksons Psychological Theory of Identity1181 Words   |  5 PagesEriksons psychological theory of identity is based on a psychosocial model, taking into account the social environment including peers and family group. According to Erikson, individuals form a core identity in part via membership in a community. Erikson understood that psychosocial development was a process, involving a series of stages. Progress through these stages usually entails a normative conflict or crisis that pits individual needs with social norms or demands. Erikson identified eightRead MoreBiological Narrative1617 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies with psychosocial development, or the development of a person within a social context. Eric Erickson’s theories focused primarily on the correlation of the release of sexual tension and psychosexual development. The purpose of this paper is for the author to develop a personal portrait integrating Erickson’s developmental theory, Kohlberg’s moral development, and gender and cultural influences. The author will discuss his development from birth to his current stage of development in his lifeRead MoreErik Erikson : Psychosocial Development1103 Words   |  5 PagesErik Erikson: Psychosocial Stages of Development â€Å"Erik Erikson was best-known for his famous theory of psychosocial development and the concept of the identity crisis. His theories marked and important shift in thinking on personality; instead of focusing simply on early childhood events, his psychosocial theory looked at how social influences contribute to personality throughout the entire lifespan† (Cherry). This paper will discuss Erikson’s childhood and the influence it had on his work. AlsoRead MoreFreuds Psychosexual Stages Of Development1486 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of development, one can see that Erikson’s theory has many similarities. As a one of Freud’s students, Erik Erikson was not convinced by Freud’s psychosexual stage of development, which lead to the development of his theory of psychosocial stages of development (Arnett, 2015). Within Erikson’s theory there are eight different stages with different life crisis to be resolved. Not resolving the conflicts would lead to an unhealthy personality, which causes many pro and cons within Erikson’s theoryRead MoreWhat is Psychosocial Development?948 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is psychosocial development? Psychosocial development is development on a social realm. Psychosocial development is how one develops their mind, maturity level, and emotions over the course of one’s life. The rate of development depends on different factors such as biological processes as well as environmental factors. A man named Erik Erikson who was a psychoanalyst who believed that early childhood successes and failures were responsible for influencing later developmental stages developedRead MoreErik Erikson s Psychosocial Theory Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesErik Erikson’s psychosocial theory states that we go through 8 developmental stages in life. Erikson states that these stages are necessary in the progression and development of human growth from infancy into adulthood. Each developmental stag e presents a crisis that must be resolved during that stage for a healthy development. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial theory outlines that we develop in psychosocial stages instead of psychosexual ones. I agree with Erikson because one might not get through the

Chapter 6 †Analyzing Business Markets - 23838 Words

Chapter 6 – Analyzing Business Markets True/False Questions 1. SAP is a German software company that helps businesses automate their finance and management systems. True (easy) pp. 101–102 2. Organizational buying is the decision-process by which organizations establish and satisfy their needs for goods and services. True (moderate) p. 102 3. Mining, manufacturing, banking, and distribution services are all considered part of the business market. True (easy) p. 102 4. Schools and prisons are considered institutional buying organizations and they tend to have captive clienteles and limited budgets. True (moderate) p. 102 5. Characteristics of business markets include that there are more buyers and larger buyers. False†¦show more content†¦102 d. the practice of establishing of strategic partnerships between manufacturers and their suppliers e. the practice of buying a total solution for a problem from one seller 23. The __________ consists of all of the organizations that acquire goods and services used in the production of other products or services that are sold, rented, or supplied to other customers. a. business market (moderate) p. 102 b. institutional market c. consumer market d. government market e. specialized market 24. The institutional market is best described as having __________. a. low budgets and a captive clientele (moderate) p. 102 b. demand elasticity and geographically concentrated suppliers c. contract negotiations and fluctuating demand d. derived demand, geographically concentrated suppliers, and budgetary constraints e. demand that is elastic, derived, and fluctuating 25. All of the following are major industries making up the business market EXCEPT: a. agriculture, forestry, fisheries. b. manufacturing, mining. c. construction, transportation. d. banking, finance. e. governments, institutions. (moderate) pp. 102–104 26. Business buying behavior differs from consumer buying behavior in that __________. a. the buyers for the business market are typically more geographically dispersed than those for the consumer market and the demand for products and services in the consumer market is unaffected by priceShow MoreRelatedMana 43221160 Words   |  5 PagesMANA 4322-007 Organizational Strategy Fall 2012 8/23/12 – 12/5/12 (Final 12/6/12) Instructor: Dwight Long Grading The five activities in which you will be participating will be combined to determine your final grade. Their respective weights are as follows: 1. Class Participation* 10% 2. Simulation** Company Performance 20% Shareholder’s Meeting and Annual Report 10% 3. Comp-XM ® Balanced Scorecard 10% Read MoreMarketing Management Essay701 Words   |  3 Pages I. Please answer the following questions to the following Chapters: 1. Chapter 1: Defining Marketing for the 21st Century a. Why is Marketing important? The first decade of the 21st century challenged firms to prosper financially and even survive in the face of an unforgiving economic environment. Marketing is playing key role in addressing those challenges. Finance, operations, accounting, and other business function won’t really matter without sufficient demand for productsRead MoreCrm : Customer Relationship Management1298 Words   |  6 Pagesbased CRM type of software services, enterprises, as well as empirical research on comparing the prominent ASPs products: Siebel and Salesforce.com. Additionally, this study focuses on characteristics of enterprises and ASP products offerings from business and technical perspectives. Enterprises planning to implement CRM should conduct a thorough investigation in selecting the right ASP product. The empirical study covers several technical issues across the above mentioned CRM products for applicationRead MoreFIN202 chap 4 Essay2441 Words   |  10 Pages2.Gain an understanding of financial markets and processes 3.Learn techniques for determining the intrinsic value of securities 4.Understand the tools in corporate finance and apply them to solve the key issues in corporate finance 5.Discover the complex interaction between the economy and the financial markets 6.Become comfortable engaging in discussion and debate over finance and related issues Specific objectives : 1. Understand the tools in analyzing firms financial statements 2.ComputeRead MoreKey Marketing Concepts1381 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 1 amp; 2 * What is marketing? Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. * What is the marketing process? * Needs, wants and demands Needs : basic human requirements Wants: the needs becomes wants when they are directed to a specific objects and might satisfy the need Demands: are wants forRead Moreimportant instructions Essay3618 Words   |  15 PagesLessons in Strategic Positioning of Oxford University Press , OR-4 Case: Market Segmentation at GlobalTech of Oxford University Press , OR-5 Case: Building the 7E7: NPD at Boeing of Oxford University Press , OR-6 Case: Apple Inc — The Significance of ‘iPricing’ of Oxford University Press , OR-7 Case: Dr. and the Ghostly Persuaders: Multi-step Flows of Communication in Medical Markets of Oxford University Press , OR-8 Case: Talking to Heidi: Choosing the RightRead MoreMalaysias Chocolate Market to 20141105 Words   |  5 Pagescom/reports/1796653/ Chocolate Market in Malaysia to 2014 (Confectionery) Description: Introduction Chocolate Market in Malaysia to 2014 (Confectionery) is a comprehensive resource for chocolate market data from 2004 to 2014 and market/company shares for 2008-09.This report also provides data on expenditure and consumption as well as key distribution channels, and reveals the leading companies in the Malaysian chocolate market. Features and Benefits - Identify key market segments by analyzing market size data forRead MoreEssay about Economics and Essential Work Equipment663 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿CHAPTER 1    a. Short-term financial stress vs long-term increased potential productivity b. Risk of textbook needing replacement anyway and increased time spent using it if it is worn/hard to read/must be treated carefully vs price 1a. Essential work equipment (also company vehicle, so may/may not have increased mobility leading to reduced transport costs and better access to better/cheaper services); also maintenance b. As above, except it might be more peripheral as people wontRead MoreAnalysis Of Porter s Five Forces Of Competition Framework1539 Words   |  7 Pagesweek two we covered topics that explore methodologies that can be used to analyze the industry that a company is in. In chapter 3 of the text some of the main topics include industry profitability and attractiveness which can be analyzed by using â€Å"Porter’s Five Forces of Competition Framework† (Grant, 2010; pg 69). The five forces include competition from substitutes, new market entrants, and established firms as well as the power of buyers and suppliers. One of the main topics with this frameworkRead MoreValuing Project Achieve1744 Words   |  7 Pageshow to use financial information to value firms, projects, and securities in a wide variety of industries, including real estate. The course will be based entirely on the Harvard Business School case studies and will focus on learning techniques of financial a nalysis, selecting an appropriate valuation model, analyzing the quality of financial data, finding an appropriate discount rate, and forecasting financial variables and cash flows. Corporate Finance course is strongly suggested as a prerequisite

Asian century Free Essays

Asian countries rather than America or Europe that the world looks to for business, politics and culture. For people that live in Asian countries life is changing fast. People in areas that used to be poor are starting to earn good incomes. We will write a custom essay sample on Asian century or any similar topic only for you Order Now They’re spending more money and the economies of some massive countries are booming. Its change on a scale that the world’s never seen before and it could have a big effect on other countries, including Australia. . Many say we’re at the start of the Asian Century. 4. Asian Century means that in the future we will stop looking to America and Europe or the latest music, movies or fashionable clothes and start looking at Asia. We will most certainly pay more attention to Asian politics and we’ll do a lot more business with people in Asia. 5. Australian politicians would like all school kids to learn an Asian language in school. 6. The four Asian languages that the government is focusing on are :- Indonesian Chinese Japanese and Hindi 7. Some of the difficulties that schools may face in getting kids to learn an Asian language are that no-one’s actually said how the government’s going to pay for all his learning and there are questions about where schools are going to find enough language teachers and how they’re going to encourage kids to keep learning. 8. Yes I think it is important for school kids to learn an Asian language at school because if we are coming into an Asian Century then it would give them an advantage to be able to keep up with the latest form Asia and help them in the future to be able to relate to Asian countries. 9. I would say I am connected to Asia but not in a huge way. I do eat Asian foods occasionally and I like to eat fried rice, boiled rice, and stay chicken. Many products re made in Asia, such as clothes, electrical appliances and some of the food we eat. Asian culture does not really influence my life, except at the moment I am enjoying the Korean song Kananga Style. An Asian celebration that is held in Australia particularly across Sydney Chinatown is Chinese New Year. This is important due to its large multicultural – and especially Chinese – population. It is celebrated through traditional parades featuring Chinese lanterns, music, acrobatics demonstrations, and fireworks. Similarities and Differences Between Asia and Australia SIMILARITIES PREFERENCES Ingà ©nue ultra population. How to cite Asian century, Papers

Public Personnel Administration free essay sample

Employer always chooses the most qualified and highest quality of new employee from the all candidates who were supply for the position in an organization. Moreover, nowadays, to make sure the organization can achieve their goal in order to give the most qualities of services and production to the customers, the future employees must have full experience with the position they were apply and can survive with community in the workplace. This mean, the future employees must have a good basic criteria needed to employment and also have certain knowledge of the work they were apply. Employer from private and public organization will find out the available tools which it can get more qualified workers from social media such as Public Service Commission in Malaysia, LinkedIn. com and the others. Other than that tools, employer also can find their future employees when student do practical in their organization or promote the position for other staff in the organization means that, post the staff to the highest position from probation such as, 3 months or 6 months. Selecting the right person who can join the organization is very important to ensure that we did not spend much in post the employees to join any motivation or recruitment program which will take a long time to the fresh employee learn about their works. The use of a rigorous and adaptable set of selection tools enables employers to accommodate candidates with obvious and non-obvious disabilities. Selection tools are any assessment devices used to identify which job candidates are most likely to perform effectively and make significant contributions to the workforce. Use of these formal assessments has been shown to result in productivity increases, cost savings and decreases in attrition. Common selection tools include structured interviews or job knowledge tests, cognitive assessments, physical fitness tests, and personality assessment integrity tests while the job applicant screening were including telephone interviews, credit history checks, preference for individuals currently employed, social media and online application systems. Employers should ensure that selection tools are available in accessible formats and are administered in accessible locations; and that potential candidates are aware of these alternative formats or sites. This ensures that individuals with sensory disabilities (hearing and/or vision) or users of mobility devices have an equal opportunity to participate in the selection process. Additionally, it is a good practice to provide the contact information for the person responsible for ensuring accessibility in the event an applicant has questions. Most of all, employer will offer the available position to the new employees who can fulfilled the requirement for the job. Future employees, the candidates will apply for the job even they does not have all the requirement because as we know from the statistic every year, most of graduated student does not have job which are suitable with their education or the requirement of the job. Selection is the way to choose these future employees according to criteria needed for the job. Selection is the process to short list all the candidates according to their criteria and will be easily finding the candidate after short listing. Selection was be essential program or activity that must be done to ensure that organization only appoint candidates who satisfy a broad range of criteria in terms of their ability to make a positive and on-going contribution to the organization. There were various tools and ways to select future employee to join the organization, such as formal education, experience or past performance, physical characteristics, personal characteristics and others. Usually employer is more difficult to hired someone from outside because as we know, today, we can found many In order to select the right person who will take the position in organization, here have several tools can be used by the employer; common selection tools include structured interviews or job knowledge tests, cognitive assessments, physical fitness tests, and personality assessment integrity tests while the job applicant screening were including telephone interviews, credit history checks, preference for individuals currently employed, social media and online application systems. Common selection tools are the most popular way to find the future employees because it has been used in most of organization either in private or public organization. ? Structured interviews are often used to evaluate softer skills as well as interpersonal and communication skills and leadership abilities. Examiner will found out the future employees skills either they would be hired or not such as communication skill in language because we usually in Malaysia will know Malay and English language only other than ethic language. The candidates who can speak more than two languages as a primary language usually have more interest other than someone who only can speak in two languages. Moreover, if the organization is resort or something including works with overseas people such as Chinese, Thailand, Korean or Japanese, because this type of people will always make contract with Malaysian people. Although, the job knowledge must be know and learn because it will help the candidates on the position later to solve problem or the task given by employer. Job knowledge does not cover what task will employee should do only, but including the workplace either it is right to be in there or not. Cognitive assessments measure multiple mental abilities, such as verbal and mathematical abilities, reasoning skills and reading aptitude. In some instances, an individual’s disability may impact the ability to effectively demonstrate interpersonal capabilities in an interview setting. Individuals with autism, for example, may have great abilities in mathematics and organizational skills, but may have difficulty with communications and interpersonal skills. The focus of the interview should be on measuring the abilities that the candidate will need to have to perform the job. ? Cognitive aptitude assessments have been shown to have positive correlations to job performance and therefore are a very popular selection tool. Nevertheless, examiner must ensure that individuals with cognitive ii. disabilities are provided with a reasonable accommodation, which may include additional time to complete tests or an alternative test format. Reasonable accommodations are adjustments or modifications which enable people with disabilities to perform the essential functions of a job efficiently and productively. Accommodations vary depending upon the nature of the job and the needs of the individual applicant or employee. Not all people with disabilities (or even all people with the same disability) will require the same accommodation or any accommodation. These assessments may have adverse impacts for individuals with cognitive disabilities, such as learning disabilities. In order to solve this problem, employer can make reasonable accommodation such as job restructuring, modifying for schedules, acquiring or modifying equipment for devices, adjusting or modifying tests and training materials, providing assistive technology or devices and reassigning an employee with a disability to a vacant position. ? Physical fitness tests are used for certain positions that require physical strength, stamina, and agility to accomplish the essential functions of the job. This more important when the job needs the employee to work hard more than someone else in the organization such as needs to work overtime to finished he task given by employer before timeline. As we know, employer will find spontaneous employees who can finish the work before the time they asked for submitted. Employers need to be cautious about physical fitness tests to ensure that the abilities measured are indeed essential for the job and that the specific requirements could not be performed differently or be accommodated. Sometimes there is often a mistaken assumption that individuals with disabilities are unable to successfully complete physical fitness tests. ? Personality assessment and integrity tests are used to evaluate characteristics which have been correlated with positive performance. These tools assess traits such as conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, or receptiveness to new experiences. Additionally, integrity tests are used to evaluate attitudes and skills relating to a person’s honesty, trustworthiness and reliability. Individuals with some disabilities, such as autism, may score low in some traits such as extraversion or receptiveness to new experiences. Personality-type tests can be difficult for people who have thought disorders like schizophrenia, or for people who interpret questions very literally, such as a person on the autism spectrum. Integrity tests are difficult for people with learning disabilities who may have low literacy or difficulty with reading comprehension, in which case the test results may be an indicator of a person’s reading comprehension skills, as opposed to their ability to do the job. Job applicant screening is essential in the candidate selection process, as it assists human resources professionals in eliminating noticeably mismatched or potentially poor performers from further consideration. Common screening methods include informal meetings, phone interviews, and the emerging practice of using social media to gather general information about the applicant or applicant’s background. Below is a list of screening practices utilized by employers, which may have adverse impact on persons with disabilities, and recommendations to eliminate or reduce such impacts. Telephone interviews can be very useful in assessing whether a candidate will fit in with the workplace culture and whether they possess the proper skills and experience. Phone interviews can screen out individuals who have speech impairments or who use telecommunication devices for the deaf, hard of hearing, or speechimpaired. Identify the appropriate tools required for a particular job to determine whether verbal communications is an essential function and whether an alternate screening method could be utilized. Phone viewers can cause disabilities candidates to get the job. For example, if an applicant is being hired to reply to online inquiries with no need to communicate with customers verbally, a phone interview as a screening method could unfairly disadvantage candidates with certain types of disabilities. ? Credit history checks are highly recommended for jobs with a strong emphasis on financial responsibility and integrity. Individuals with some types of disabilities (e. g., episodic health conditions) or who have medical expenses that have impacted their ability to maintain good credit, may be affected by this method of screening. Employers should carefully consider whether to use this method for jobs in which financial management is not an essential function. Additionally, individuals who choose to disclose that their poor credit history is due to a disability should be provided an opportunity to demonstrate they are able to uphold financial integrity. For example, an organization could ask a candidate with a disability to present extra documentation explaining a credit dilemma to give the person an equal opportunity to participate in the hiring process. ? Preference for Individuals Currently Employed sometimes prefer â€Å"current employment† when selecting job candidates, as they perceive that such individuals have more valuable skills and are more likely to be productive and successful in the workplace. Preferring candidates to be currently employed can have an adverse impact on individuals with disabilities who have disability-related gaps in employment, or who have little or no employment experience. Employers often have the misperception that an employment gap or lack of experience indicate that a potential employee is unmotivated or that the individuals skills are outdated. Employers should evaluate whether their field requires individuals to stay current in the usage of the latest technology, certifications or licensure in order to perform the essential functions or  whether having no gaps in employment is essential. Emphasis should be placed on evaluating candidates’ skills and educational backgrounds to determine qualifications and appropriateness for the position for which they are being considered. Social media is to gather general information about the applicant or applicant’s background has significantly increased in recent years, as employers seek out add itional sources of (unfiltered) information on candidates. Should be used when obtaining information that may influence hiring or other employment-related decisions. For example, a candidate who is blind has not disclosed his disability to an employer but an employer learns about it through social media. The employer opts not to hire the candidate based on this information. This is discriminatory because the decision was not based on the candidate’s ability to perform the job, but rather on disability-related information. Whether employers gain information by looking at social media sites during their screening process, all candidates should be evaluated based on their experience, knowledge, skills, and education to perform the job. Organizations are encouraged to establish clear policies around their social media activities during their candidate selection process. Online application systems are to assist human resources professionals in managing applicant flow and in sourcing qualified candidates more efficiently. These systems also help screen resumes for specific key words, skill sets, certifications and educational degrees matching candidates to specific job requirements and available openings. Companies utilize these systems to manage applicant data and to monitor decisions about who is qualified and which candidates receive interviews and subsequent job offers. Many companies are utilizing technology to promote greater efficacy, online application systems assist human resources in managing increased recruitment activities, enhance record keeping and evaluation. While online application systems expedite the screening process for human resource, organizations must ensure that these online systems are not posing technical barriers for applicants with disabilities. In conclusion, these tools make employers easy to find candidates for their position available in organization because there had been listed ways and tools on how to conduct the new candidates. Common selection tools include structured interviews or job knowledge tests, cognitive assessments, physical fitness tests, and personality assessment integrity tests while the job applicant screening were including telephone interviews, credit history checks, preference for individuals currently employed, social media and online application systems. Nevertheless, these tools also have the advantages and disadvantages but it can be done through resolving materials such as adjusting little bit the tools ways from too strict to more comfortable to use it. Organization can hired the best employees with the most qualified and can earn profit as soon as possible with the new ideas as fresh employees from universities or college.

Self examination free essay sample

Self examination is always daunting.   This is especially so when taking a sociological study of oneself as having an â€Å"addiction†.   Shocking as it may seem, I have to admit that I love the TV-schmalz-fest that is Gilmore Girls.   Indeed, I so look forward to my weekly fix that I cannot help wondering if I am addicted.   How would I characterize this possible addiction? I suppose, from a sociological standpoint, I would look for much of the same signs as one might see in an addict to alcohol.   For example, some would say that the man that has his martini every Thursday at â€Å"happy hour† is an addict, even though he is not drunk.   For it is not the effect of the alcohol that defines the alcoholic addiction say many.   Rather, it is the dependence on that Thursday evening martini that brings the label â€Å"addiction†.   Gilmore Girls is on (insert what night it is on here ) and like the alcoholic, I find myself planning my weekly plans with my weekly â€Å"Gilmore Girls† at the forefront of my mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Self examination or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page    Television however, does not pose the risks that alcohol or drugs does.   Thus the risk factors to this possible addiction must be clear.    I would say that the risk factors of a television addiction are: â€Å"Am I abandoning responsibilities and commitments in order to watch this particular show?†; â€Å"Do I become hostile towards distractions during â€Å"Gilmore Girls†?; â€Å"Is my brain turning to mush?.   Finally, what would promote my recovery from this addiction? For starters, lining up activities to escape boredom would help.   Additionally, planning outdoor activities with friends, reading (although in a cafà © or park as opposed to the home so that there is no temptation to turn on the TV); joining a book club and beginning an exercise regimen are all ways by which one could begin the process of recovery from the addiction to â€Å"Gilmore Girls† Works Consulted Kubey, Robert. Television Dependence, Diagnosis, and Prevention. Associate Professor, Department of Journalism Media Studies. Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey. 1996

Snake Of The Soul Essays - Fiction, Snakes, , Term Papers

Snake Of The Soul ?Snake? is one of Lawrence's most famous poems. Although the poem seems to be about an encounter with a snake, the true theme of the poem is the conflict between emotional behavior and learned behavior. This conflict is displayed through setting and symbolism. The poem begins with a very narrative voice and is a pleasure to read for that reason. Lawrence is exuberated in expressing his reverence for nature. In the first three stanzas of the poem the setting is established and the movement of the snake is described. The poem took place in a garden near his house because the boy was in pajamas and under the shade of ?a great dark carob-tree.? The movement of the snake is described by the alliteration of the s sound in the words straight, softly, slack, and silently. Symbolism is used throughout the poem. The garden in which the poem takes place can be a symbol of the Garden of Eden, and the snake, a symbol of the devil. A snake is a symbol of evil, but a snake is also a symbol of enlightenment and wisdom according to ancient civilizations. The snake, however, is the ultimate symbol of tension. The tension in the young boy is caused because he has to make a decision. When he encounters the snake, he is posed with the question to kill the snake or to let it leave unharmed, to act upon his human education or his instinct. While the snake is drinking at the trough, the boy's emotions are in conflict. Even though the boy was scared, he was even more honored that the snake should seek his hospitality. Once the snake started to leave, the boy's time was running out. He had to make a decision. Because of his ?accursed human education,? he decided to act in an evil way and throw a log at the snake. Does this suggest that the snake is not evil, but the so ul in man is inherently evil? Or is the snake evil because he was retreating into the evil darkness of hell symbolized by the hole in the fissure? Once the boy threw the log at the snake, he immediately regretted it, revealing ?I thought how paltry, how vulgar, what a mean act?I wish he would come back, my snake.? After the boy threw the log, he recognized the innocence of the snake noting, ?And so, I missed my chance with one of the lords/ Of life.? This illustrates man always trying to rob the dignity from all Godly creatures, and how petty it is. Through this poem, Lawrence has illustrated his point about strife and the clash of opposites. The symbols used in this poem are very ambiguous because they can be interpreted many ways. The snake can be a symbol of evil, enlightenment and wisdom, or tension. The boy battles through many emotions in this poem, finally coming to the realization that men are inherently evil. Bibliography N/A English Essays

Farming in Denmark essays

Farming in Denmark essays Denmark lies northwest of Europe, the southernmost of the Scandinavian countries. Officially Kingdom of Denmark. It is bounded on the north by the Skagerrak, an arm of the North Sea; on the east by the Kattegat (an extension of the Skagerrak). Also by the Øresund (The Sound) a strait linking the Kattegat and the Baltic Sea; on the south by the Baltic Sea, a strait called the Fehmarn, and Schleswig-Holstein, Germany; and on the west by the North Sea. Denmark comprises most of the Jutland, or Jylland, peninsula, which extends about 338 km in a north and south direction, and numerous islands in the Baltic and North seas. The principal islands, lying between the mainland and Sweden, are Fyn, Lolland, Sjaelland (English Zealand), Falster, Langeland, and MÃ ¸n. About 130 km to the east of Sjaelland, in the Baltic, is the Danish island of Bornholm. Far to the northwest of Jutland, in the Atlantic Ocean, between the Shetland Islands and Iceland, lie the Faeroe Islands, a group of 18 isla nds, part of Denmark since 1948; and near the North American mainland, between the North Atlantic and the Arctic oceans, is the island of Greenland, an integral part, from 1953, of the Danish monarchy. Both the Faeroe Islands and Greenland are internally self-governing. Excluding these islands, Denmark has an area of 43,069 sq km and the surface of the Danish mainland is generally low; the average elevation is about 30 m above sea level. Physical Economic and Social Factors: Denmark has a small open economy highly dependent on foreign trade and therefore a strong interest in the free exchange of goods and services across its borders. Consequently, Denmark has joined international economic organisations such as the EU, OECD and WTO, and within the framework of these has striven to remove obstacles to free trade. Foreign trade accounts for approximately 2/3 of GDP and most foreign trade is with other EU countries. Denmarks main trading partner is Germa...

An investigation and enquiry into Monologues Essay

An investigation and enquiry into Monologues - Essay Example Coming to the origin of monologues, dramatic monologues are a literary product of the 19th century. They can be labelled appropriately as the Victorian invention as the form was invented and practiced mainly by the Victorian poets including Robert Browning, Tennyson, Rossetti, and others. The earliest articulation of dramatic monologues can be identified with the advent of the intelligent criminal in the Victorian periods, and the growing concern for exploring the criminal psyche (Sinfield, 1977). Dramatic monologue is also a kind of per formative psychoanalysis as it attempts to explore the speaker’s mind. Browning is highly regarded for his ability to create devious characters in his poems. His monologues portray a complex characterization of the speakers although in a subtler way. In â€Å"My Last Duchess†, Browning’s speaker is a pompous Italian Duke who shows off the portrait of his young gracious wife he had executed. The speaker’s dissatisfaction wi th his wife’s unaffected graciousness is prominent in the monologue as quoted by Sinfield (Sinfield 4), The pleasant and gracious nature of the Duchess is communicated through the Duke’s words, however, the Duke does not intend to appreciate it in any way. There are considerable disagreements among critics with regard to the Duke’s callous revelation of the death of the last Duchess. Either the Duke is too self-possessed to care about what others think, or he intends to warn his next Duchess. The monologue demonstrates the strong obsession of the Duke who is â€Å"still obsessed with the remarkable girl he failed to dominate, and impelled to justify to himself and others his ruthless response.† (Sinfield 5) Unlike Browning’s subtle speaker characterization, speakers in Shakespeare’s monologues (Shakespearean soliloquies) reveal their deepest confessions rather blatantly. Perhaps, the best known Shakespearean monologue is the ‘To be or not to be’ monologue by the protagonist in Hamlet.

Economic concepts to my personal experience Essay

Economic concepts to my personal experience - Essay Example This paper looks at how some of the microeconomic concepts can be applied to personal life and how they relate to our everyday usage regarding the goods and services. Micro economics is mainly helpful for me in making the decision on switching between the alternatives available for a particular satisfaction. To draw a balance between my budget and prices of the commodity. It certainly helps in buying decision in my personal life. For starters, let us consider the simple fact of buying and selling goods and services. When we want to buy a particular good, there are a host of factors that determine our decision and influence our purchase right from the price of the good to the quality of the good and the competitors for the brand of the product. We measure the utility of the good against the price and then take a decision regarding whether to buy it or not. If we compare the utility value of a good against the price, we would come to a fairly reasonable conclusion about maximizing utility and thus contributing to our decision to buy the good. This applies in the case of many household goods and services and can be used to determine whether a particular good ought to be bought or not. The Microeconomic theory helps in finding answers to the three basic fundamental questions for any business entity in any economy–(1) what to produce, (2) how to produce and (3) for whom to produce in order to utilize the available scarce resources efficiently. That is why the Price theory, Demand concepts and theories of Market structure are the important elements of micro economics. Microeconomic theory studies the economic behavior of individual decision-making units such as consumers, resource owners (i.e. households who provide services to the business entities in exchange of the income) and business firms in a free-enterprise economy. Proper analysis of all these 3 areas of concern helps the business entity to perform efficiently. If the business

Examining The Booking System Of Web Appointments Information Technology Essay

Examining The Booking System Of Web Appointments Information Technology Essay Every person has to book appointment in GP or hospital before their visit to organization (unless in emergency). The web based appointment booking system simplifies the date, time, and choice of doctor, changing or modifying patient details. Since the internet has become an important part of our lives, organizations either small businesses or big establishments make it part of their business functionalities. The technology is expanding day by day and online sources are also increasing too. According to Hacker, Ease of access, increased availability of information, and the prosperity of web services have universally increased productivity and operational efficiencies (Hacker, 2008). The online system has transformed complete background of information exchange. This research is also related to develop of web based appointment booking system where user only has to type URL provided and they can access it from anywhere in the world and any time. The system will allow patient to log in, r egister, and booking appointment where they will be able to choose time, date and choose of their doctor. The development of web based system can be very demanding if the system was planned well before design. The system will reduce burden of work load of their staff and staff will be more efficient. The research will carry before start developing a system it will help to choose right tools, technologies. The system will reduce queues in GP. The use of web based appointment booking system will allow customer to book appointment anytime for example if they want to book appointment at midnight so they will be able to make it without waiting for GP to open in morning and than call to GP because telephone booking appointment system will work only when GP is open but web based appointment booking system will work all the time 365 days in a year. Background It is important to know how appointment is done currently in organisation. The currently appointment done manually or through phone in which the patient are given choice of dates when they visit their GP or hospital and it should be approved by the member of staff . And if patient book their appointment through phone than they have to wait for automated machine to answer and than choose available date and book appointment. If patient need confirmation then they have to visit GP personally or choose option to send letter by post. This type of situations lead to waste of time, money and it may put load of time and pressure on the administrative staffs as well. As there are human beings involved in the whole process there are high possibilities of human errors. The booking appointment through phone or personally going there the staff can access wrong details and also when staff booked the appointment for person then there may be some mistake. So by considering all these points the devel opment of web based system will help GPs or any organisation to overcome all of these problems by providing an online service to do their booking and to choose their desire date and select them online. Rationale / Significance The online booking system will not work in case of emergency. In emergency there are always places available to go straight there, this system will work for normal booking to visit and see doctor for regular check-up. The rational of this research is to develop a web based appointment booking system and implementation of system for GPs and other organisation. The development of web based appointment system is to overcome the problems faced by the users and staffs while booking their appointment for regular check up. The appointment booking is important for any organisation to deal their user more efficiently. As we discussed in the background of the research there may be some human error. That is why the development of this system is selected which will help organisation to give quality service by providing their users web based online appointment booking system. The main purpose of developing this project is to identify the user needs, to satisfy those needs by selecting the best approach to achieve the objectives of the project. The implementation of this project will help the organisation to reduce the time for user to book appointment. It may also reduce paper work, queuing at the GPs reception, because the major services will be provided online. The implementation of this system will also help organisation financially as well as for their users and it will saves lots of time. The implementations of web based appointment booking system also support multiple users at a time so the system will efficient. Aim and Objectives Aim: To design and implement the Web based online appointment booking system within time. Research Objectives: The research will conduct to collect necessary information for designing a system for GP or hospital. To develop the system, some interviews need to be conducted among people to understand problems with system. The Feasibility study for implementing the system will conduct and the main focus will be on scalability issues. As the GP is growing rapidly the system should support any future expansions such as increasing number of users. The technologies that required to develop the system Client/server architecture (Web based client server applications), Requirement gathering and analysing techniques (the interviews will be conduct and also questionnaires), HTML,XHTML,client side, server technologies (PHP,ASP.NET) Relation database (Oracle, My SQL), System testing tools Practical Objectives: Analysis. The analysis will be done to understand the scope of project. The interview and questionnaires will be conducted to collect user requirements and analyse them to develop a system. System modelling and prototyping The programme language which going to use should be suitable. The testing condition will identify. Testing and implementation The system has to test before deliver to user to check that developed system is working properly and it fulfils requirements. The system will check verification and validation. Maintenance The helpdesk will be provided for user if user face any problem of developed system. Hypothesis / Research questions The current system allows user to book appointment throw phone or user has to go to GP to book appointment. This will result such as long queue at the GP, hospitals. Only few GPs using online booking system. There are some possibilities of problems such as users do not know about the online booking of their appointment. In case if user need to book appointment for repeat visit than they have to go every time to book appointment and problem is that users can miss their repeat visit because they did not have time to go or phone line was busy. The queue at GPs will put pressure on the staff and may take more time. It is important that complete project should fulfil all the requirements of system and also how system will work, features of system and functionality. The system will work on the basis of authentications and authorizations which will be achieved by providing the unique ID which is username and password to each user. The patient will be able to select of their desired date and time and also able to change if they want to. The online booking system will not work in case of emergency. In emergency there are always places available to go straight there, this system will work for normal booking to visit and see doctor for regular check-up. 1.5 Expected outcomes: This is a real time project, so the purpose of this project is to develop a web based appointment booking system for GP and Hospitals where users will able to book appoint from anywhere in world. This will be a client and server application where client will be used for just entering the data and submitting it. The server side will be capable of processing. This is academic level project, therefore the structure of this project will be little bit different than the usual professional project. Professional people mostly have the relevant knowledge about how to make the project but in academic level student first learn then make it into practice than they provide the application. Theory Practice Application (Dawson, 2005) 1.6 Risk in this Project and way of minimization: The identification of risk in projection development is important because risk can put project on halt or destroy complete project. The project risks are those which will affect the quality and performance of project (Summerville I 2001).Some of the risks are highlighted are below. Hardware problem: The occurrence of hardware problem can happen while a lot of software is being used to develop a system. So laptop can crash. The virus can also be responsible for laptop crash. To conquer this problem the code always saved on another device like (flash drive or friend computer).So if the computer crashed than the old code can be taken without losing anything. This is one project risk. Software complexity and connection: The software installation and making connection between them is could be a problem. The installation of Mysql software, apache server and make connection between apache, PHP and Mysql. For this problem first all software will be use but if there is problem then Xampp where the old code can be generate. This is a project risk. Tools and software problem: The Tools and software is always important for development any kind of project. If some software is giving error while development a system then there is always new software is available to use. Time: The Time limit into any project is a high risk. If time is not enough then it will lead to affect the performance of system and also quality. For example if any hardware problem or software problem occur in development of project where all the time is spent then at the end is not enough time to finish project. In his case the development of project will carry on and delivered as much done on 19h of November. Illness: The involvement of human into anything can delay. If human is handling a project there is chances that person get sick which will delay the project. If this happens then try to finish project on time but if could not then delivered on 19th Novemberas much as possible. Plan risk management approach Risk management plan Project objective achieved Risk Register Risk identification Analyze the project to identify the sources of risk Risk Assessment Assess the risk in terms of: Severity of impact Likelihood of occurrence Controllability New Risks Risk Response Aim to reduce possible damage Create contingency plans New risks Risk Reduction Implement risk strategy Monitor and adjust plan for possible new risk Change Management, if possible New risks Figure Risk Management Process Technology to be used The technology which will be use to develop a system are followed. The system will develop using back-end and front-end technology. XHTML, CSS, MySQL, JavaScript, PHP and Apache Web Server. XHTML: The XHTML will be used for web interface. CSS: The CSS will use to enhance web site for better view. MySQL: The MYSQL is a database language, it will be used to store database. JavaScript: The use of this is to validate data. PHP: The server side programming will be done with PHP. Apache Web Server: This will use to test the system before implement system. Chapter 2 Literature Review According to Burke Project management, Control and Management Techniques. This book will give idea about what should be Aims and Objective of project. This book described that how to find a good AIMS and Objective of project. By using this book it help me to give idea about my project Aims and objective. The Aims and objective is most important part of project which will lead my project throughout the end. So this book helps me a lot to achieve perfect Aims and object for my project. According to Stein in How to setup and maintain the web site is described about how to construct a web site and also how to maintain about development. This helps me throughout project to construct web pages. The technology HTML, PHP and JAVA are described with examples. Stein has described everything in details about technology and this will help full for beginner and also for professionals. The appointment booking system is very important to run organisation successfully. The GPs appointment booking system is important because every person who wants to be seen by doctor should make appointment. The GPs (NHS) appointment system is always in news for delays, patient were not able to see doctor when they want. The government always introduce new system to tackle the problem, the government introduced SMS system as well as online booking for some GPs.The two national survey were published in 1998 and 2000 highlighted the difficulty in accessing GPs.The government was promised that by 2004,patient will be able to see primary care within 24 hours and GP with in 48 hours. The request for appointment into GP has become very important. The new GP contract in United Kingdom. The National Primary Care Development Team(NPCDT) was set up to deliver the governments modernisation agenda in primary care by using the national primary care collaborative to implement change. The solution is based on five principles, namely: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ understand the access demand on the practice à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ clear the backlog of appointments à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ review the appointment system à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ develop contingency plans à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ widen the mode of patient consultation. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2296/6/39 The web based appointment booking system will help customer sociologically because some people does not like to hear machine voices for example phone appointment booking system customer will call and automated machine will answer and that will put customer away because they do not like and web based appointment booking system will attract more customer. The other problem is that if disable person want to book appointment with GP or hospital by phone than person has to wait until carer will come and phone for appointment because mostly GP phone appointment booking system runs in morning most GP want their patient to call for appointment in morning. The NHS introduces new Plan for primary care in England promises access to healthcare professional within 24 hours and General practitioner (GP) within 48 hours. The new plan is given financial helps to achieve targets. The new plan will allow patient to see GP of their choice, the main focus on achieving targets could lead to reduced choice of doctor. The National Primary Care Development Team (NPDT) has find out that some general practioner (GP) have adopted a restricted booking. They have limited the option for pre booking appointments or completely stoped.The NPDT did not allow that because it will frustration among those people who want to book appointment in advance (British Journal of General Practice, 2004). The NPDT analysis was based on interviews conducted in the East Midlands, study centre. The focus was on patients and carers. The approval has been taken from Leicester Research Ethics Committee, 41 interviewees were recruited through 14 GP and more 15 were recruited from other organization, such as community centres, a charity. At least one has used their GP practice once in last 12 months. The participants were interviewed in 2002 and 2003 and interviews were recorded (British Journal of General Practice, 2004). The another problem is GP telephone appointment booking system will only work until GP is open and telephone is attend by member of staff after closing time phone appointment booking system will not work. Project Development Approach: The project development approach is all about that what type of software project going to do and how much information about system already gathered. According to this project we have idea about problem which company is facing and what can do to new system to attract the attention of users towards the company. So it is confirmed that we need to build a web site where customer and company can attract each other. For this we need to visit company and try to find out what exactly they are expecting and will help them to increase their business. The information which is already collected will be very helpful to build a project. The project development approach which is considered in development is Incremental Development approach. This approach starts from the initial planning and it will end when development of system is finished. In this approach the development is done in small portion and it will help to develop next stage. The advantage of this approach is that the system is divided into different stages once first stage is completed then the next stage will start. This approach consists of Initialization step at this step the basic idea of system is created and given to company with some functionality. If the organization is satisfy then the next stage which is redesign and implemented and also analyzing the current system. The development of project carries on step by step. The following steps which is important while developing a project. Designing of project Writing of coding Testing of the codes Final implementation The development of system and also functionality of each section will process step by step. The each step functionality will be processed and if it is successful then consider as a project part. The approach give clear idea that project, the project is completed at step by step as in this way it is easy to find error and fix them as compare to at the end when it is very tough to find and fix. 2.1 Problems with current system The problem using phone appointment booking system is always staff is not free to answer call and other is customer has to wait in a queue to be answered call and it could take up to minutes. The other problem is that sometime operator make a mistake and forget to book appointment and without booking appointment disconnect call and customer will think appointment has been booked whatever date they want but unfortunately when they go for check up there is no appointment for customer into system because staff did not put into dairy. Another problem is that the patient can book their appointment only that time when GP is open they would not be able to book appointment all the time. The current system only runs by a member of staff, it costs more than web based appointment system. The company has to hire more staff to run organisation. There are number of other system in place in different locations like in some GPs automated phone system is also in place which runs 365 days in year but problem with that some people does not like to wait long time for to get answered and also some people does not like to go with machine. This kind of system put people off to use that system. The current system which is phone booking system people may not use because it is costly to access for example if patient need to book appointment they have to call and they need credit in their phone to call GP.So in this case some people may not like to waste their money and do not use system but as compare to online system they just pay small money and get access to many things and happily use new system. The other problem is that the patient do not want to speak their personal details publically so they have to find private place to phone GP and book appointment. Integrating system with the tools to be used In these days the development of software can be develop using different technology which is available in market and it can also happen that all the tools which been used may not integrate with each other. So it is really important to choose right technology which can integrate with each other. The technologies which are chosen to develop the system are PHP, MySQL, XHTML, CSS and JavaScript to be used in the development. The main reason using PHP is a server-side scripting language that allows website to be truly dynamic (Naramore E. et al, 2005). The open source HTML-embedded scripting language. The reason for using MySQL is it is good integration with PHP as it is recommended by most developer and writers. The apache web server will facilitate to experiment the system so we can make sure how the system will work online and if there is some error. Programming Language PHP The PHP is a server-side scripting language that allows website to be truly dynamic (Naramore E. et al, 2005).The PHP is used widely for general purpose scripting language and it can be used with open source HTML.The PHP was originally developed to design a dynamic Web sites it is also HTML embedded. The PHP can also use as a graphical application. The PHP was created in 1995 by Rasmus Lerdorf and it has been in development continuously. The PHP runs on server so we used WAMP server to run PHP language on computer the PHP is very user friendly language. The PHP output is mostly in HTML.The PHP is having over 20 million internet domain (April 2007) .The PHP used to develop a web site it is easy to use and it can be downloaded free and it will give result quickly. The PHP used to access database because it also provide fast access to database. The use of PHP is for example if patient request a page, the server which is apache will execute PHP script and send output to show on page. The PHP is a only execute code which is written within its delimiters if anything written outside that then it will come as a output as you written. The PHP will be used to validation the pages and it is based on server side and validate requests of users. 2.4 Database Management System: The Database is place where all the data will stored about patient details their appointment. It is easy to find database on every type of computers i.e. personal computer, large computer. My SQL provide a facility to handle and manage a relational database in very efficient way. The Database Management system is used to allow database to create tables. It also let create relation, foreign key, and primary key and insert data into table in form of rows and columns. My SQL will be used as the database for our project. It is open source database and more than 10 million copies of My SQL are downloaded by the user / Developers. My SQL is owned by the Sun Microsystems. It was first developed by the Swedes and Fin in Sweden. (mysql.com) Advantages of using MYSQL are followed. Performance is very good. Easy to understand and use. Connectivity with pages is easy. Interface is simple. MySQL, pronounced as my sequel, stands for My Structured Query Language. MySQL is a relational database system and free software. MySQL is very fitting software to use while developing the proposed system because it is open source software and can function as either a database management system or a relational database system. Because of its open source feature, this means that anyone can download it for free, use the software and can modify it as they please without having to pay anything. MySQL will allow PHP and the Apache server to work together in order to have access to data and display them in a more readable format in a web browser. WAMP Server The WAMP is a server package which is independently created programme and installed on Microsoft window. The WAMP package components are Apache, MYSQL and PHP.The Apache is a server which uses to execute PHP code and MYSQL is a database which used to create database for patient and also their appointment booking details. The WAMP make the computer server and computer acts like a server to run web pages and helps user to use all services on same computer. In some package also include phpmyadmin which is used to provide a graphical interface of MYSQL database. The WAMP is easy to use and it is free to download. It is a mini server and runs on all servers. 2.6 JavaScript The JavaScript is also a scripting language and it is primarily used in client side. The JavaScript is used into web browser for client interface. The JavaScript was developed by Brendan Eich. The JavaScript is embedded into HTML code and as well Microsoft gadgets, Google desktop gadgets. The many scripting language is available to use like VBscript, etc. The use of JavaScript in this system chosen because it is spread widely and it is accessible easily. The most web browser use JavaScript in these days ((Firefox, Internet Explorer and others).The use of JavaScript is that to collect information from user and validate their request or action. For example while patient is booking appointment if they choose date which is already gone then JavaScript show a message and invalidate a data. 2.7 Architecture The appropriate architecture has to place in and examined that architecture. The multi-tier architecture is available (known as n-tier architecture) which is client and server architecture. The most communally used architecture is 3-tier architecture because it is much secure compare to other architecture (2-tier architecture).The benefit of using tier architecture is that the user only add a particular layer rather than writing a fully application again. The 3-tier architecture uses a middleware. The middleware is a layer which is between client and server which does not allow client to access database directly. The benefit of using 3-tier architecture is that there is no need of connection with database from every client only from server side. It make sure that only valid data is updated, So the client does not have direct access to database it makes business more secure because the database of customer is placed on server side. The project is also client server based so 3-tier architecture is used to make sure that the system is much secure and middleware is there to provide a security to database. The clients send a request to server then server process it and send back to client. The database need to update only on server side each time if some changes happen to database and it does not disturb all clients. The 3-tier application is much difficult to compare to 2-tier application to develop but it is provide much higher security to organisations and their consumer as well. The data or functions which are critical are not processed on client side all critical function or data are processed on server side. The 3-tier is associated with many databases but in this system the database used is MYSQL and it is associated with MYSQL as well. The information flow on both direction between client and server and one client can send one or more request to server and server process them (comer E, 2001).So the 3-tier application is used which is much secure and communally used architecture. Figure 1: 3-tier Architecture Model 2.7 Web Security The web security is a critical component for any web based business. The web security is very important when developing something which is web based, the developer should consider this. The user must be fully satisfied that all the data which is given is confidential. The web security will detect threats and it will take more time to recover threats. The client and also server both side have to be secured while they are working with web security. But there are the positive side which is providing two protocols to secure the accessibility on the web through Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Secure HTTP. SSL uses public key authentication and encryption technology and the SSL handshake protocol has to be completed before an application is transmitted or received. Secure HTTP is related to security over the general socket based communication and facilitates encryption methods at the application layer. Chapter 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Available Researches The research method is that how the data is going to collect for project. This part will show the method which has been used to carry out whole research. There are many research methodologies available such as quantitative research, qualitative research, exploratory research, primary data collection, secondary data collection and empirical research. 3.2 Primary Data The primary data collection is collect a data from real world which include focus group, taking an experimental approach, experience gained from past. It also include the formal and informal interviews and mixed this with the data which collected from secondary method ie, books, journals and internet etc.The data which is collected through observation is given less importance because observation is not perfect always Research Method Used The research method is important and research method which is used for project is Action Research Method. This methodology means simply learning by doing, identify the problem. The action of system will be considered and if outcome is fine that is good otherwise it will start process from same point again. The research method is secure and efficient in way of accuracy. This research method is mostly used. This research method will continues working until problem solved. This kind of research method is also called qualitative research method. In this method feasibility study will be carried to setting up interviews and discussions with organisation as they are users. Chapter 4 Design The design of project is important so design will be made before start developing a project i.e. the tools like use case and also use entity relational diagram to show relation. Use Case The use case is a interface between user and a system. The use case diagram use to display a relationship between actors and use cases. The main components of use case diagram are actor and use case, an actor in this system is the patient who uses this system to booking appointment. The user access a web page (home page) which uses to inform a user about effectiveness and efficiency of the system. The user then can click on health news, opening time and appointment booking to log in and choose date and time and also choose of doctor to book their appointment. Register Details Choose Date and Time Web Page Make appointment Log In Patient Details Database GP Or Hospital In this diagram shows that patient can Register their details with GP or Hospital, Log In, Visit web page and main thing is that they can make appointment where they can choose date and time which are available. 4.2 Entity Relation Diagram Booking PK Ref Name Email Doctor Date Time Account PK User name Username Password Email Address Primary and foreign keys are also established between the entities, in the account table primary key has been defined to username As a unique number is allotted to each and every Product in the database it is taken in to consideratio